tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15228160509014824172024-02-08T01:56:07.344-08:00Essay writing articles5 Paragraph Paper With 3 Sentence Topic Sentences At End Of Open And Beginning Of Closing Youtubelonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-83103412069185388162020-08-25T18:22:00.001-07:002020-08-25T18:22:05.864-07:00The Symbol Of A Lion :: essays research papersThe image of the lion speaks to everything in the short story ââ¬Å"A Lion on the Freewayâ⬠. It was composed by Nadine Gordimer in her short story book called The Embrace of a Soldier. Gordimer was an African author, and her accounts have been converted into numerous dialects including English for some individuals to appreciate. à à à à à The story ââ¬Å"A Lion on the Freewayâ⬠is about a lion which has gotten away onto the road. Gordimer depicts the landscape of a town with a zoo in it and how the fundamental character can generally hear the creatures making clamor, particularly the lion. This savagely depicted story is short, however makes a significant point about the lion when all is said in done. à à à à à To Gordmer, the lion is an image of wild force, and its unique home in Africa was likewise where this creator once lived. A mainstream expression individuals know about the lion is that it is the ââ¬Å"king of the jungleâ⬠. That solitary expression depicts the lion consummately, on the grounds that the lion is a being of extraordinary force and enthusiasm and its quality and strength is perceived all through the world. In this story, it is contained in a pen, not taken from the wild, however conceived there. The lion may have been conceived in imprisonment, yet its wild impulses are unquestionably still alive inside the lionââ¬â¢s soul. This is the reason the lion would long for an exit from its enclosure and quest for opportunity. à à à à à At the finish of the story, however, Gordimer clarifies of how the individuals must catch this lion and stop it by and by, if not murder it. On account of its extraordinary force and quality, the individuals fear it and therefor should figure out how to stop the lion before he causes harm. This may speak to crude human feelings and sentiments from somewhere inside mankind. Individuals can't let these crude senses departure to maintain control on the planet, so then we should keep them bolted away inside where nobody can see them. Mystery. As in the lion, these emotions are incredible, yet in the public arena impulses must be controlled. Notwithstanding, do individuals consistently control their feelings and what they feel on the most fundamental level? Unquestionably not, yet the general population might typically want to think along these lines, with the exception of maybe when it might come to banalities or ads (since they ironicly respect the individuals who stick o ut). à à à à à If one doesn't take a gander at ââ¬Å"A Lion on the Freewayâ⬠cautiously, it appears to be dull and unoriginal. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-44876999374029843072020-08-22T05:24:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:24:22.700-07:00Position paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsPosition paper - Essay Example This, despite the way that for the more noteworthy dominant part, or around four billion individuals, and unquestionably for those living in the greater part of the created world, the monetary frameworks set up have brought about improving wages and a decent proportion of budgetary thriving. The effect of the financial breakdown in the bombed economies stretch out past wages, and effect the very maintainability of their whole social textures. The strain on the social frameworks is apparent in what Collier sees as destitution traps. There are the common wars, for one, that are extremely progressively about youngsters needing change so as to improve their money related parcels throughout everyday life. There are the conditions pushed onto individuals because of their area in specific geologies, where nations have the misfortune of being situated in the midst of a by and large ââ¬Å"badâ⬠neighborhood. Indeed, even common assets in enormous amounts, for example, oil and minerals, are viewed as destitution traps as well, since they breed clashes. At long last, a fourth neediness trap is far reaching debasement realized by youthful political frameworks and general terrible administration structures. These are conversion factors that all elevate the powers that wreck the misfortune nations on ghetto-town, in a manner of speaking, and these demonstration like amazing descending powers that keep these nations from getting away from a terminal vortex of hopelessness. Remotely the powers of globalization and the burden of worldwide free markets, rather than helping these nations climb, are really driving them to neediness significantly more, on the grounds that the impact of such powers is to pipe development and improvement considerably more distant away from the devastated billion and toward the created world, which has the framework and the idleness, just as the assets, to keep on profiting by the current request, while the unfortunate billion keep on flounderin g in a vortex of destitution. Collier attests that there are no simple answers, and that arrangements lie here and there in furnished intercessions, just as in the mediation and policing of incredible associations, for example, the European Union so as to realize enduring financial and vote based changes to the devastated. This paper takes the position that without a doubt, the issue for the last billion is one that is described by a high level of multifaceted nature, and the arrangements are there, however executed gravely Collier; The Observer; Goodreads; Riedel 519). Some portion of the issue with execution is that there are scarcely any associations with the clout and the fortitude to implement changes and to see through them so as to impact enduring basic changes (Collier 1-13; The Observer; Goodreads; Riedel 519). Some portion of the issue of execution also is that the apparatuses have so far been misjudged, and utilized bad, and again these issues return to the general comple x nature of the issue and the exceptionally gigantic assets and exertion should have been utilized in a supported way so as to roll out the best possible improvements to save the oppressed billion. Also, the motivators for aiding the most unfortunate of the poor are not evident on a superficial level, in light of the fact that as it is the individuals who are benefitting from the worldwide monetary request are easily living without the interest of the least fortunate. These things take long-go arranging and thinking, and the purposeful exertion and generosity of the individuals who are in the created world. Aside from this, the paper likewise puts forth the defense for the monetary practicality of making everybody on the planet, including the last billion, ride the financial pontoon to success. The most unfortunate, when they lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-62932780217191005612020-08-07T15:51:00.001-07:002020-08-07T15:51:05.647-07:00MemSQL MemSQL INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in beautiful San Francisco in the MemSQL office. Hi, Eric, who are you and what do you do?Eric: I am the CEO and co-founder of MemSQL and its good to have you over.Martin: Great, awesome! What is MemSQL?Eric: MemSQL is a real time database for transactions and analytics. Itâs core infrastructure and it is designed basically to help businesses optimize their real time operations.Martin: How did you come up with such an idea?Eric: So I worked at Facebook a few years ago, prior to starting MemSQL and my co-founder and I were seeing the tip of the spear of big data problems being solved at Facebook. And it really was an inspiration for us to depart and start a new company.Martin: And what did you see working there at Facebook and what things did you take of that and said, âOk, now we would like to offer this to the worldâ?Eric: As you know Facebook is one of the largest web destinations on the internet. It was at that point and still is scaling with a lot of infrastructure and system design to support a billion for people every month. So a lot of the big data problems internally were about volume but there were also new challenges arising around real time analytics. How do you actually change Facebook quickly so that you can adapt it to certain geographies or certain different user demographics? And what we saw was basically a lot of early work around real time processing systems, not just the standard batch systems like data warehouses or Hadoop. We realized that this would be very useful for the rest of the IT industry, so it was one of the reasons why we left, to bring it to everyone else.Martin: Did you validate that this idea that it is working for other companies as well before you left Facebook?Eric: My background at Facebook was working with some of the Facebooks key partners. I was a partner engineer and I saw a lot of those partners basically choke on the Facebook social graph, just so much data was available. So we saw that other companies obviously try to consume that data and they invariably had database problems, the bottleneck in the database chair. So it was both seeing what was happening internally at Facebook as well as some of our partners where it was a lot of validation. And then of course you look at the broader industry at large and data volume and velocity is always a problem. Thatâs why itâs called big data, itâs a big, big problem to be solved.Martin: And walk me through the process. Once youâve left Facebook with your co-founder, what did you do? Did you just right away built a new database or did you first try to find funding? Did you first try to find customers?Eric: So we were accepted into an accelerator program called Y Combinator and that provided a great pathway for us to leave Facebook and basically get started in a two bedroom apartment in Menlo Park. Two guys and a dog. We basically had given up our salaries, all the great perks for what was $20,000 in s tartup capital. And to answer the question, I mean Facebook is a very special place. Itâs a great place but we also knew when we left that we will be working from scratch on everything. And when you decide to build an enterprise company especially one in database infrastructure there is no ability or expectation that you would start with something, you are starting from scratch. So the first step was obviously to begin fundraising, to build a team that could deliver the software, and thatâs what we did. So we spent two months at Y Combinator and graduated the program and concluded with a 2 million dollar seed round which gave us the capital to build a team of engineers to really release the first MVP â" minimal viable product in the system.Martin: So you only first release the first database for MemSQL after you got the 2 million and had engineers working on that?Eric: Yes, the databases are not easy. It took us about two years of stealth mode to deliver the first MVP and that was basically only a stepping stone for us because actually the full product was not released until April of 2013. So it took a lot of effort to deliver the product but now that we have it out in the market, on the wild it has been phenomenal to see all the customers using it. So building a database is not for the faint of heart and it takes a lot of money and you need basically good alignment between funding and team to deliver something like a database. Typically though for startups you want to have far shorter response times on your own MVP; for application stack you should be thinking in terms of weeks to months, not years.Martin: Did you do any startup before MemSQL?Eric: itâs my first startup.BUSINESS MODEL OF MEMSQLMartin: Good. Letâs talk about the business model of MemSQL. So what are the specific customer segments that you are targeting?Eric: Sure. At a high level the business model is focused on delivering software to our customers via term based subscription model. S o it is basically a commercial software license that our customers subscribe to. It gives them an ability to expand as they need. A lot of the industry in our space will price by core or by server. We price by capacity, which means that our customers are encouraged by us to use as much CPU as they want. So this means that they can get more performance out of the system irrespective of the number of cores that they want to use. They can always add more cores to the database.Martin: There are so many different databases like SQL, no SQL databases and one of those non-SQL databases, there is MemSQLâ"Eric: We are very much SQL. We are not noSQL. We are a relational database.Martin: Really?Eric: Of course. It is in our name. Actually itâs a great thing to touch on because I think a good name is so critical that you want to be very prescriptive about what it does. So our name comes from the fact that Mem stands for memory and SQL stands for structure query language, so it lets any deve loper know immediately what we do. And best of all we paid 6 dollars for domain name. It was just available.Martin: Awesome. And so what is the big difference then between a normal SQL database and MemSQl databases?Eric: Like A normal relational database?Martin: Yes.Eric: The biggest difference is that it is designed to be on distributed system, so most disk based databases are single box, ours is a multibox design. And then of course Mem for memory means that most of the first operations are held in memory and then of course we put them on disk for the customer. So the biggest difference is that we are very, very fast and we are analytically focused, so you can use the scale of the architecture to basically compute faster.Martin: Can you name some use cases that some customers did based on MemSQL?Eric: Sure. All of our customers use us effectively for optimization around their businesses. Within financial services we do a lot of fraud detection, trading analyses, risk exposure anal yses, ledger consolidation, a lot of things that are just around the concept of very fast processing.Within ad tech we do real time bidding and attribution to our customers as well as real time segmentation. Basically the ability to segment our users based on some profile characteristics.We have a very great expertise with IoT data; internet of things. So we track a lot of smart devices for our customers for the likes of ComCast with XFINITY, Samsung with their Smart TVs and some other great customers that use us for various devices as well.Martin: And walk me through the process of how it typically works. Is it like, just an assumption, that you build for example a Kafka Flume chain for the ingestion part, pump the data that you need for a specific use case in a MemSQL database and then how do you get this out?Eric: Yes, thatâs a great question especially because it lines up exactly what we are doing with our latest product called Streamliner. So when you described around a chain with Kafka connecting to something transformation like Spark, going to MemSQL is like a new product that we launched last month called MemSQL Streamliner for Spark. What it effectively give you is an ability to copy and paste the Kafka URL into the manager dashboard of MemSQL, subscribe to a topic and then low and behold the data is readily available for analysis in MemSQL. So we support semi-structured data with JSON and that Kafka feed is basically pipelined into JSON data type â" JSON column in a MemSQL table. At that point you can use SQL to traverse it, analyze it, index it, join it â" whatever you want. But thatâs a real time use case that is extremely exciting because are so many customers are actually getting onto the real time data pipeline use case.Martin: For analytics I totally get it that you are close to real time.Eric: We are very much real time. So we can consume millions of events per second and the way we designed the system; an insert will never block a selec t, a select will never block an insert. So this means that you can be inserting data and reading across, scanning across billions of records at the same time. So there actually is no delay in the analytics so you can get as close as you can down to the last transaction down the last one.Martin: What is the secret sauce of competitive advantage that keeps you ahead? For example we met in another company that was in database, they said, âWe are the leaders currently in the database, thatâs why we have the biggest ecosystem. This is our competitive advantageâ. Whatâs yours?Eric: Well, at the end of the day as a core technology company our competitive advantage is the software that we build and how weâve built it. Certainly how we built the software is worth sharing a bit It is very hard to build, b-filed patterns and you get talks and you go to database conferences. But at a high level we do something to how we store the data so we use lock free data structures in memory. If you are familiar with database data structures, a b tree is a typical data structure for disk based system that has no need in memory. So the analog for in memory system is a skip list and that skip list lets us do very rapid scans.We have a lock free hash tables for these quick value look ups.We also have a distribute query optimizer so the fact that our query optimizer can take a query that a user might send to the system, we will break it down to smaller pieces and then push it out to other machines for computations. How we actually do all this is obviously the core part of MemSQL but on top of that in our execution engine, we also actually will convert your SQL query into machine code. So this is an amazing improvement, because you no longer bottle necking on I/O and we are now optimizing as best as we can around CPU. So by removing interpretation from a hard code path we can effectively squeeze the CPU for even greater performance.So it is a combination of a lot of different t hings but we have the ability to work with data very quickly and part of what we designed and built the execution engine and the storage engines.Martin: How do you acquire your customers? Are you having a direct sales force or are you using some kind of distribution partner?Eric: Sure, in the early days when you get started you always have to be the chief sales officer as a founder. Thatâs what I did in the early days. Now we do have a field team, we have direct sales teams and inside team and typically you want to work with customers that have a problem and you can segment them in terms of who is going to be likely to be a customer. So there are certain industries that we donât sell to â" like insurance, which is a very slow moving industry but you have to know who your customers are and then as soon as you do you can start working basically with sales teams to acquire them. We have a community edition, we have a free version of the product that anyone can use for free forever . And that has been a great source for us to build our relationship with those customers.Martin: And why are you not selling to insurance companies? Only because their adoption rate is so slow or?Eric: No, no, there are certain industries that just donât have a need for fast computation. So insurance is a very well architected or very well understood I should say industry. For example there are some things called actuarial tables that tell you pretty much accurately when someone is going to die. And the whole business model in that industry is basically doing a very simple risk model around how to optimize that function. So those are certain industries that, they probably fine with batch analytic processing. When we come into play with real time it is around faster moving industries â" things like financial services, ad technology, telecom, online business. Those are the sort of industries that benefit from faster information processing.Martin: What is your assessment of the tren ds in the database landscape, where you see the relational and not relational databases? What is your perspective on that?Eric: I think there has been general recognition that noSQL as a category will effectively dissolve into the larger category of databases in general. And I say that because most NoSQL vendors are actually effectively adding SQL back into the mix. But you also have relational vendors like MemSQL and Oracle and PostGres that are also adding a little bit of noSQL into the mix. So I mentioned earlier that we have that JSON data type. Thatâs an unstructured or semi structured feature that our customers love to combine with relational algebra. So what Garder is predicting is that noSQL as its own category will exist over next few years base anything that have meaningful value will eventually have SQL, especially in analytics. You need to do a join in analytics â" you need SQL for that calculation. So what we have seen in the market is a lot of the vendors add SQL ba ckend somehow or someway. Over time weâre going to find what is going to resolve is what is called a multimodal database, and a multimodal database is just a way of saying that everything has multiple means of interacting with data.Martin: And is it really realistic to have a database where is multipurpose because I have seen a lot of databases that are for a specific type of usage like graph databases.Eric: Yes. There is always I think a specialty databases that are well suited like graph databases for example, something like document database can have good use cases sometimes. But generally any data that is useful to a business will be structured at some point so itâs always matter of when that data is either deleted or structured.Martin: What is your opinion then on the Hadoop world so to speak? Is it also one way we can store data and batch it in real time?Eric: It fills exactly into the need of two things around the relational or SQL question versus batch processing. At hig h level Hadoop is a great way of storing data. HDFS is really what it is all about and if the cost of storage is zero, and it is, then something like Hadoop should exist and I am glad it does. Of course what you see in the Hadoop space is a general disconnect between the storage which is HDFS and the execution which today has been MapReduce. The MapReduce has been proven, everyone agrees, it is very, very up toes, it is very hard to work with. And thatâs why you are seeing a lot of innovation with SQL Hadoop like Impala and Presto coming up to play. And that exactly fits the thesis at least or the hypotheses that SQL is going to carry the day in the enterprise. And certainly even in the big data market SQL is going to carry the day. So Hadoop is great for batch processing, but we need real time, using some in memory apps are critical which is why patchy Spark is so exciting because adding an in-memory execution environment to the Hadoop ecosystem.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ERIC FRENKIEL In San Francisco (CA), we meet CEO and Co-Founder of MemSQL, Eric Frenkiel. Eric talks about his story how he came up with the idea and founded MemSQL, how the current business model works, as well as he provides some advice for young entrepreneurs.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in beautiful San Francisco in the MemSQL office. Hi, Eric, who are you and what do you do?Eric: I am the CEO and co-founder of MemSQL and its good to have you over.Martin: Great, awesome! What is MemSQL?Eric: MemSQL is a real time database for transactions and analytics. Itâs core infrastructure and it is designed basically to help businesses optimize their real time operations.Martin: How did you come up with such an idea?Eric: So I worked at Facebook a few years ago, prior to starting MemSQL and my co-founder and I were seeing the tip of the spear of big data problems being solved at Facebook. And it really was an inspiration for us to depart and start a new company.Martin: And what did you see work ing there at Facebook and what things did you take of that and said, âOk, now we would like to offer this to the worldâ?Eric: As you know Facebook is one of the largest web destinations on the internet. It was at that point and still is scaling with a lot of infrastructure and system design to support a billion for people every month. So a lot of the big data problems internally were about volume but there were also new challenges arising around real time analytics. How do you actually change Facebook quickly so that you can adapt it to certain geographies or certain different user demographics? And what we saw was basically a lot of early work around real time processing systems, not just the standard batch systems like data warehouses or Hadoop. We realized that this would be very useful for the rest of the IT industry, so it was one of the reasons why we left, to bring it to everyone else.Martin: Did you validate that this idea that it is working for other companies as well b efore you left Facebook?Eric: My background at Facebook was working with some of the Facebooks key partners. I was a partner engineer and I saw a lot of those partners basically choke on the Facebook social graph, just so much data was available. So we saw that other companies obviously try to consume that data and they invariably had database problems, the bottleneck in the database chair. So it was both seeing what was happening internally at Facebook as well as some of our partners where it was a lot of validation. And then of course you look at the broader industry at large and data volume and velocity is always a problem. Thatâs why itâs called big data, itâs a big, big problem to be solved.Martin: And walk me through the process. Once youâve left Facebook with your co-founder, what did you do? Did you just right away built a new database or did you first try to find funding? Did you first try to find customers?Eric: So we were accepted into an accelerator program calle d Y Combinator and that provided a great pathway for us to leave Facebook and basically get started in a two bedroom apartment in Menlo Park. Two guys and a dog. We basically had given up our salaries, all the great perks for what was $20,000 in startup capital. And to answer the question, I mean Facebook is a very special place. Itâs a great place but we also knew when we left that we will be working from scratch on everything. And when you decide to build an enterprise company especially one in database infrastructure there is no ability or expectation that you would start with something, you are starting from scratch. So the first step was obviously to begin fundraising, to build a team that could deliver the software, and thatâs what we did. So we spent two months at Y Combinator and graduated the program and concluded with a 2 million dollar seed round which gave us the capital to build a team of engineers to really release the first MVP â" minimal viable product in the system.Martin: So you only first release the first database for MemSQL after you got the 2 million and had engineers working on that?Eric: Yes, the databases are not easy. It took us about two years of stealth mode to deliver the first MVP and that was basically only a stepping stone for us because actually the full product was not released until April of 2013. So it took a lot of effort to deliver the product but now that we have it out in the market, on the wild it has been phenomenal to see all the customers using it. So building a database is not for the faint of heart and it takes a lot of money and you need basically good alignment between funding and team to deliver something like a database. Typically though for startups you want to have far shorter response times on your own MVP; for application stack you should be thinking in terms of weeks to months, not years.Martin: Did you do any startup before MemSQL?Eric: itâs my first startup.BUSINESS MODEL OF MEMSQLMartin: Good. Letâs talk about the business model of MemSQL. So what are the specific customer segments that you are targeting?Eric: Sure. At a high level the business model is focused on delivering software to our customers via term based subscription model. So it is basically a commercial software license that our customers subscribe to. It gives them an ability to expand as they need. A lot of the industry in our space will price by core or by server. We price by capacity, which means that our customers are encouraged by us to use as much CPU as they want. So this means that they can get more performance out of the system irrespective of the number of cores that they want to use. They can always add more cores to the database.Martin: There are so many different databases like SQL, no SQL databases and one of those non-SQL databases, there is MemSQLâ"Eric: We are very much SQL. We are not noSQL. We are a relational database.Martin: Really?Eric: Of course. It is in our name. Actually itâs a great thing to touch on because I think a good name is so critical that you want to be very prescriptive about what it does. So our name comes from the fact that Mem stands for memory and SQL stands for structure query language, so it lets any developer know immediately what we do. And best of all we paid 6 dollars for domain name. It was just available.Martin: Awesome. And so what is the big difference then between a normal SQL database and MemSQl databases?Eric: Like A normal relational database?Martin: Yes.Eric: The biggest difference is that it is designed to be on distributed system, so most disk based databases are single box, ours is a multibox design. And then of course Mem for memory means that most of the first operations are held in memory and then of course we put them on disk for the customer. So the biggest difference is that we are very, very fast and we are analytically focused, so you can use the scale of the architecture to basically compute faster.Martin: Can you name some use cases that some customers did based on MemSQL?Eric: Sure. All of our customers use us effectively for optimization around their businesses. Within financial services we do a lot of fraud detection, trading analyses, risk exposure analyses, ledger consolidation, a lot of things that are just around the concept of very fast processing.Within ad tech we do real time bidding and attribution to our customers as well as real time segmentation. Basically the ability to segment our users based on some profile characteristics.We have a very great expertise with IoT data; internet of things. So we track a lot of smart devices for our customers for the likes of ComCast with XFINITY, Samsung with their Smart TVs and some other great customers that use us for various devices as well.Martin: And walk me through the process of how it typically works. Is it like, just an assumption, that you build for example a Kafka Flume chain for the ingestion part, pump the data that you need for a specific use case in a MemSQL database and then how do you get this out?Eric: Yes, thatâs a great question especially because it lines up exactly what we are doing with our latest product called Streamliner. So when you described around a chain with Kafka connecting to something transformation like Spark, going to MemSQL is like a new product that we launched last month called MemSQL Streamliner for Spark. What it effectively give you is an ability to copy and paste the Kafka URL into the manager dashboard of MemSQL, subscribe to a topic and then low and behold the data is readily available for analysis in MemSQL. So we support semi-structured data with JSON and that Kafka feed is basically pipelined into JSON data type â" JSON column in a MemSQL table. At that point you can use SQL to traverse it, analyze it, index it, join it â" whatever you want. But thatâs a real time use case that is extremely exciting because are so many customers are actually getting onto the real ti me data pipeline use case.Martin: For analytics I totally get it that you are close to real time.Eric: We are very much real time. So we can consume millions of events per second and the way we designed the system; an insert will never block a select, a select will never block an insert. So this means that you can be inserting data and reading across, scanning across billions of records at the same time. So there actually is no delay in the analytics so you can get as close as you can down to the last transaction down the last one.Martin: What is the secret sauce of competitive advantage that keeps you ahead? For example we met in another company that was in database, they said, âWe are the leaders currently in the database, thatâs why we have the biggest ecosystem. This is our competitive advantageâ. Whatâs yours?Eric: Well, at the end of the day as a core technology company our competitive advantage is the software that we build and how weâve built it. Certainly how we built the software is worth sharing a bit It is very hard to build, b-filed patterns and you get talks and you go to database conferences. But at a high level we do something to how we store the data so we use lock free data structures in memory. If you are familiar with database data structures, a b tree is a typical data structure for disk based system that has no need in memory. So the analog for in memory system is a skip list and that skip list lets us do very rapid scans.We have a lock free hash tables for these quick value look ups.We also have a distribute query optimizer so the fact that our query optimizer can take a query that a user might send to the system, we will break it down to smaller pieces and then push it out to other machines for computations. How we actually do all this is obviously the core part of MemSQL but on top of that in our execution engine, we also actually will convert your SQL query into machine code. So this is an amazing improvement, because you n o longer bottle necking on I/O and we are now optimizing as best as we can around CPU. So by removing interpretation from a hard code path we can effectively squeeze the CPU for even greater performance.So it is a combination of a lot of different things but we have the ability to work with data very quickly and part of what we designed and built the execution engine and the storage engines.Martin: How do you acquire your customers? Are you having a direct sales force or are you using some kind of distribution partner?Eric: Sure, in the early days when you get started you always have to be the chief sales officer as a founder. Thatâs what I did in the early days. Now we do have a field team, we have direct sales teams and inside team and typically you want to work with customers that have a problem and you can segment them in terms of who is going to be likely to be a customer. So there are certain industries that we donât sell to â" like insurance, which is a very slow moving industry but you have to know who your customers are and then as soon as you do you can start working basically with sales teams to acquire them. We have a community edition, we have a free version of the product that anyone can use for free forever. And that has been a great source for us to build our relationship with those customers.Martin: And why are you not selling to insurance companies? Only because their adoption rate is so slow or?Eric: No, no, there are certain industries that just donât have a need for fast computation. So insurance is a very well architected or very well understood I should say industry. For example there are some things called actuarial tables that tell you pretty much accurately when someone is going to die. And the whole business model in that industry is basically doing a very simple risk model around how to optimize that function. So those are certain industries that, they probably fine with batch analytic processing. When we come into play with real time it is around faster moving industries â" things like financial services, ad technology, telecom, online business. Those are the sort of industries that benefit from faster information processing.Martin: What is your assessment of the trends in the database landscape, where you see the relational and not relational databases? What is your perspective on that?Eric: I think there has been general recognition that noSQL as a category will effectively dissolve into the larger category of databases in general. And I say that because most NoSQL vendors are actually effectively adding SQL back into the mix. But you also have relational vendors like MemSQL and Oracle and PostGres that are also adding a little bit of noSQL into the mix. So I mentioned earlier that we have that JSON data type. Thatâs an unstructured or semi structured feature that our customers love to combine with relational algebra. So what Garder is predicting is that noSQL as its own category will exist over n ext few years base anything that have meaningful value will eventually have SQL, especially in analytics. You need to do a join in analytics â" you need SQL for that calculation. So what we have seen in the market is a lot of the vendors add SQL backend somehow or someway. Over time weâre going to find what is going to resolve is what is called a multimodal database, and a multimodal database is just a way of saying that everything has multiple means of interacting with data.Martin: And is it really realistic to have a database where is multipurpose because I have seen a lot of databases that are for a specific type of usage like graph databases.Eric: Yes. There is always I think a specialty databases that are well suited like graph databases for example, something like document database can have good use cases sometimes. But generally any data that is useful to a business will be structured at some point so itâs always matter of when that data is either deleted or structured.M artin: What is your opinion then on the Hadoop world so to speak? Is it also one way we can store data and batch it in real time?Eric: It fills exactly into the need of two things around the relational or SQL question versus batch processing. At high level Hadoop is a great way of storing data. HDFS is really what it is all about and if the cost of storage is zero, and it is, then something like Hadoop should exist and I am glad it does. Of course what you see in the Hadoop space is a general disconnect between the storage which is HDFS and the execution which today has been MapReduce. The MapReduce has been proven, everyone agrees, it is very, very up toes, it is very hard to work with. And thatâs why you are seeing a lot of innovation with SQL Hadoop like Impala and Presto coming up to play. And that exactly fits the thesis at least or the hypotheses that SQL is going to carry the day in the enterprise. And certainly even in the big data market SQL is going to carry the day. So Hadoop is great for batch processing, but we need real time, using some in memory apps are critical which is why patchy Spark is so exciting because adding an in-memory execution environment to the Hadoop ecosystem.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ERIC FRENKIELMartin: Eric, imagine your younger sister comes to you and says, âHey, Eric, I would like to start a company.â What advice would you give her?Eric: At a high level I will assume that she is a recent grad from college. Maybe she has just finished her degree in computer science and she is thinking about doing a company.And the very first thing I would tell her would be, âDonât do it yetâ. I would say, âWhat you want to do is spend a couple of years minimum in an industry you really care about and work at a big company so you can understand how big companies work and basically absorb a key part of that industry or that vertical. Once you have basically been able to learn a lot about that space, then you can start thinking about joining or starting a company. But I feel that it is so in vogue to start a company in your dorm room and you will find that all of the most successful companies that do start that way are by definition anomalies. When Mark Zuckerberg stared Facebook he didnât intend to start Facebook. It was just a side project, a hobby and he only left college because it had to be built into something bigger and he was feeling the pressure to do that. So you really canât force it in your dorm room or even right after college. You really have to figure out an industry you care about and learn about it. And then you can start thinking about innovating there in your own start up.âMy own career has the same path. I worked at enterprise companies, consumer companies and then Facebook â"another consumer company and I was able to learn a lot in my few years working and say âI am ready to start something like MemSQLâMartin: Totally agree. You need to have some domain knowledge. If it is like dating you donât need to work at some other company, maybe you just go to the discotheque. But if it is like you want to disrupt the insurance world then maybe you should work at an insurance company.Eric: And also, of course young people are always encouraged to be trained and learn. So itâs always up to a company to provide that training. I would say that probably the biggest benefit there of course is that you get to learn how to be a manager. If you stay enough time you will eventually be able to learn how to manage people. And that is the hardest thing to do, because you just canât read that in a book, you have to practice it and all the better if you can actually learn those techniques and learn how the corporate serves the management by working at a larger company that needs someone like that. And when you are ready to do it you get a chance on your own.Martin: What other advice would you give to your sister?Eric: At a high level beyond that, letâs say when you f ast forward a couple of years and maybe she doesnât want to start her own company but she wants to join a startup, I would say that the easiest way to go about it is to do your research on all of the best companies back by tier one venture capitalists and just piggy back on the hard work of those other VCs to validate what are the good startups, and what are the ones most likely to succeed. So just as there are tier 1 and tier 2 Universities there are certainly strata at VC. And you will find that all of the most competitive companies are backed by the most competitive venture capitalists. And it is really great to join a series A or series B company when you are young because there is so much to do and you have a lot of freedom inside to basically work and contribute.My advice after a couple of years is of work or whatever have you beis find a company backed by a tier 1 venture capital firm that will benefit from someone with your skill set. It could be in computer science, it co uld be at marketing, it could be in sales, but you learn a lot more in an early stage company at a series A or series B level than you would if you join a larger company at a D, E, or sort of late stage company.Martin: Great. Eric, thank you so much for your time.Eric: My pleasure. Thanks for coming over.Martin: Sure. And next time if you want to really start a company think about it twice, because if you donât know there is a big problem that needs to be solved maybe you should just start and work in a company like MemSQL or another series A or series B financed company. Thank you so much. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-49783366988483737072020-05-23T11:10:00.001-07:002020-05-23T11:10:05.379-07:00Biology And Biology An Elementary Way Of Studying Living... The fundamental concept on how biology and chemistry interacts starts with the understanding of living things. History have provided biologist an elementary way of studying living organisms through the use of a microscope, and direct observation. However, science have advanced, and direct observation could not provide qualitative and quantitative data for biologist to gain advanced knowledge in understanding how organism converting food to muscle and bone. The plants ability to use water and sunlight, and have a parallel understanding that cells need the same things to sustain life, continue growth, and provide the ability to reproduce. This basic discovery that biologist came to realizes is that chemistry and biology must work together as a cohesive unit in order to understanding multiply exchanges between atoms, molecules, and cells. This video provides a simplistic view about metabolism and how energy is measured. Metabolism is used to sustain life, it is explained as the chemical reactions that go on within the cells of the human body. This process allows for food intake to be converted into energy. Energy is measured by Jooles, the basal energy requirement is the scale in providing the minimum amount of energy needed to sustain life. This video also provides the foods that would give you the most energy, and the major concerns about storing more energy than the body needs. Too much energy produced fat which is stored in the body, and used when necessary. The videoShow MoreRelatedNatural Environment3300 Words à |à 14 PagesArticle on Natural environment Natural environment The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living specie. 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Acknowledgement I acknowledge my mentors who really helped a lot in order to have a wide range of knowledge in terms of teaching. They gave me the vivid understanding of what teaching is. They supported me every time that I need help of somebody. They mold me how to an effective, creative, resourceful, enthusiastic, friendly, lovable, equipped and professional teacher. They created a lot of changes in termsRead MoreBook to Study English for Chemistry12934 Words à |à 52 PagesScience? 1. What do the following words mean? Match them with their definitions science a science scientific scientist ââ¬â the study of the nature and behaviour of natural things and the knowledge obtained about them ââ¬â a particular area of scientific knowledge and study, or the study of an area of a human behaviour ââ¬â describes things that relate to science ââ¬â someone who works in science 2. What is the difference between ââ¬Ëscienceââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëa scienceââ¬â¢? Branches of Science 1. 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Contact professors at your prospective universities and discuss your research interests, and ask them about the importance of the statement of purpose lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-83526233005742086822020-05-12T05:48:00.001-07:002020-05-12T05:48:03.455-07:00Essay Nike- Ethical Issues - 1454 Words Ethical Case Analysis: Nike Introduction Nike was established in 1972 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight. These two men were visionaries. The goal for Nike was to carry on Bowermanââ¬â¢s legacy of innovative thinking by helping every athlete reach their goal or by creating lucrative business opportunities that would set the company apart from any competition. This included providing quality work environments for all who were employed by Nike. However, Nike has long been eluding allegations of employing people in the developing and under-developed economies, at low wages and poor working conditions for a long time. Nike tried many different measures of correctingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦By joining a task force that helps promote fair labor practices, Nike is taking responsibility for its actions and showing the global market that is does take an interest in those working in the factory. This helps to alleviate any hesitation consumers may have with purchasing products made by Nike. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 can help Nike monitor the compliance of the factories in foreign companies because it can help Nike monitor the wages paid to its employees more closely to ensure they are being paid fairly. As well it can help the company identify any significant changes in internal controls and related factors. Government Regulations The International Labor Organization (ILO) sets the standards for working conditions around the globe. ILOââ¬â¢s main target is governments however; many of the standards recognized today affect the behavior of corporations. The UN Global Compact sought to create a partnership between the UN and many transnational companies to promote ten essential principles in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and anti-corruption. (Anderson, International Regulation of Transnational Corporations, p.5) These principles include the right to equal opportunity, right to security, right to workers, as well as the respect for independence and human rights. For Nike, I think theseShow MoreRelatedNike Ethical issues6658 Words à |à 27 Pagesï » ¿ Area: An organisation s corporate social responsibility policies, including business ethics, and their impact on business practice and key stakeholders Title: How does Nike reconcile the need to minimise the cost of manufacturing with the need to meet the ethical and social expectations of its customers? By WORD COUNT Research Analysis Project ââ¬â 6224 words (minus table) CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Project AimRead MoreEthical Issues Of Business : Nike Essay2064 Words à |à 9 PagesEthical Issues in Business: Nike Nike was founded by Philip Knight and has become one of the most successful businesses of the 21st century. Philip Knight was the 6th richest man in 1997 and the company is still going strong (Nike Chronology, 2016). 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What is asked that the business is ethically and socially accountable and when the stakeholder assembly converts disgruntled, the character of the business gets smudged as the argument of sweatshops smeared the character of Nike. The circumstance that is being discussed is the concern of Nike doing the right thing; to be ethically answerable. Ethics can be demarcated as the code of moralRead MoreNike: Cross-Cultural Perspective889 Words à |à 4 PagesCross-cultural perspective Nike Nike is among organizations that are known globally. The headquarters of Nike are in Beaverton, Oregon and it has expanded to other countries in order for them to reach the markets which are untapped so that they can increase their profit margins. For a very long time now the organization has been sourcing its labor from other countries. This is because just as other corporations Nike is escaping the strict regulations which the United States gives them. They easilyRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas Of Nike1327 Words à |à 6 Pages This paper will discuss the company Nike. Nike has had many ethical issues, which will be addressed. The ethical dilemmas that Nike faced will be evaluated under two ethical frameworks. The whistleblower part that was played in exposing Nike will be analyzed. This paper will evaluate whether Nike used marketing or public relations successfully when trying to repair the damage caused by the reported lapse in ethics. The company Nike operates in over 50 different companies. ThisRead MoreEssay on How to Evaluate Companies?1061 Words à |à 5 Pagesas good or ethical based on different factors that may differ based on the purpose and criterion used by the evaluators or evaluating body. Perhaps the factors that must be taken into consideration when evaluating a firm are the following : business ethics, corporate social responsibility, reputation on leadership, governance and the companyââ¬â¢s culture (Ethisphere, 2013). These factors in fact are the indicators used by the movement Ethisphere which identifies The Worldââ¬â¢s Most Ethical (WME) Companies lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-76622199736835949792020-05-06T11:55:00.001-07:002020-05-06T11:55:10.576-07:00ââ¬ÅStory of an Hourââ¬Â by Kate Chopin â⬠Character Free Essays A dynamic character is a major character in a work of fiction that encounters conflict and is changed by it. In ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠by Kate Chopin, the emotional pattern and thought process of Louise Mallard after she is informed of her husbandââ¬â¢s death are explored. Over the course of the hour in which the story takes place Louise has a realization about the constraints she feels in her life and in her marriage. We will write a custom essay sample on ââ¬Å"Story of an Hourâ⬠by Kate Chopin ââ¬â Character or any similar topic only for you Order Now By delineating Louise as a flat and dynamic character, Chopin is able to convey her theme that real freedom is found in death. Over the course of the story, all the characters are left as fairly flat and undeveloped. Louise is simply described as a young woman with ââ¬Å"a fair, clam face whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strengthâ⬠(paragraph 8) and that was suffering from a heart condition. When the death of her husband, Brently, is revealed her immediate reaction was that of despair. After weeping suddenly with ââ¬Å"wild abandonment,â⬠Louise retreated to her room in order to collapse in solitude (paragraph 3 and 4). The tragic realization and emotional exhaustion eventually leads Louise to a realization of freedom. By whispering ââ¬Å"free, free, free! â⬠(paragraph 11) under her breath and not over thinking the feeling she had, Louise was able to embrace the joy with open arms she discovered in her newfound freedom. Although she knew that she would be torn apart at the sight of ââ¬Å"the face that had never looked save with love upon herâ⬠(paragraph 12) as a corpse, Louise welcomed the oncoming years spent in devotion to her own desires. This shift in position on death motivates Louise to realize that Brentlyââ¬â¢s death should not be dwelled on with sorrow. Motivation is a sufficient reason for a character to act the way they do. Louiseââ¬â¢s motivation for living a liberated life comes through the open window. Through nature, Chopin provides Louise with purpose. For example, while being described, the upstairs room is left with the simplistic depiction that it has only a single roomy armchair. When her husband is no longer there to restrict her potential, the house, which was once her cage, finally opens up to the outside world. With the ââ¬Å"breath of rain in the airâ⬠and the tree tops bursting with life (paragraph four), Louise begins her journey to her conclusion. Even though the visualization of nature, Louise is competent enough to grasp that her love for Brently could not compare to the ââ¬Å"possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her beingâ⬠(paragraph fifteen). Soon enough she had nearly forgotten her departed lover and was ââ¬Å"drinking in an elixir of life through that open windowâ⬠(paragraph eighteen). After the inhalation of submission, Louise ââ¬Å"carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victoryâ⬠(paragraph twenty) down the stairs. In doing so, the once emotionally unstable and physically ailed woman with ââ¬Å"white slender handsâ⬠(paragraph ten) was able to prepare for a life without discretion or restrictions. The development of Louise only seized due to her preexisting medical condition claiming her life. However this motivation is what caused Louise to act in the ways she did and refined the theme. The development of character in ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠is left stagnant. Having a flat main character allows the reader to identify with the story on a level of understanding separate from that of any round character. Although the reader is inserted into Louiseââ¬â¢s mind, an entirely understood background for her is missing. In doing so a void is made in which the reader can implant themselves into the characterââ¬â¢s shoes to further comprehend the exact emotions of Louise during the hour. This further expands the understanding of theme because as Louise remains in front of the window with her arms spread welcoming the years to come, since she is left lacking in detail, the reader can jump into her place; they can shed tears with her or drink the elixir of life with her. The theme that death is the ultimate release from constraint is understood in the story due to Chopinââ¬â¢s development of Louise as a flat and dynamic character. While companionship and love are significantly important aspects of life, Chopin was able to demonstrate that Louise was ecstatic only when she realized the new way she could live her life. After all, the Greek historian Thucydides once said, ââ¬Å"the secret of happiness is freedom. â⬠Works Cited: Kennedy, XJ and Dana Gioia. Literature, An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Writing. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson, 2010. Print. How to cite ââ¬Å"Story of an Hourâ⬠by Kate Chopin ââ¬â Character, Papers lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-48164608943709855152020-05-01T16:21:00.001-07:002020-05-01T16:21:02.957-07:00Researcher To The Management Cluster Roles Question: Describe about the Researcher To The Management Cluster Roles. Answer: Introduction Management role is a discourse that has received attention and interest for many researchers. There are many different managerial roles or duties within an organization that forms the basis of the managers duties within the organization. To effectively execute these roles, managers need to be complete business individuals who understand the strategic, operational, and tactical responsibilities that they hold for the organization. With the idea of Henry Mintzberg and other scholars conceding a cluster of managers roles in an organization about performance, this paper presents a detailed literature review, discussion, and analysis on how academic research affects the cluster of roles of a manager. It analyses the requirements necessary for a manager to effectively pursue his academic research together with the management functions without failure in the performance of the organization. Analysis and discussion Henry Mintzberg cluster roles for managers Henry Mintzberg is a renowned business thinker who had a deep knowledge on how managers perceive their roles and responsibilities while relating to theory and practice. According to him, the work of managers is characterized by interruptions, fragmentation, pace, and brevity of business activities. In his study and publication, he identified ten roles that describe the work of managers in ensuring effective performance in the organization. The ten roles are grouped into three main clusters where each cluster summarizes a role of the manager depending on the strategic objective of the organization according to Bareham, Bourner, and Stevens (2000, p.394). These clusters are the interpersonal, decision-making, and informational roles as shown in figure 1. As an interpersonal role, the manager acts as the figurehead who represents the organization, leads the staff, and liaises between the external environment and the organization. For the informational role, the manager monitors information flow outside and within the organization, disseminates the relevant information to the relevant target audience, and also act as a spokesperson on behalf of the organization. In the decision-making role, the manager acts as an entrepreneur that initiates a course of action with the intention of changing something within the organization. The manager also reacts to events in handling the rising disturbances, allocates resources like money, equipment, jobs, etc., and also negotiates or trades resources with other stakeholders of the organization. Figure 1: Clusters of managerial roles How a manager can add the role of academic researcher to the cluster roles In his definition, Robinson (1993) points out that academic research in business is the organized and systematic way of investigating a conceivable problem that a manager may encounter in business. It is scientific step-by-step rigorous and logical approach that deals with issues of strategic, operations, marketing, administrative, as well as systematic responsibilities in an organization. Academic research in organizational management can be applied in different strategic management responsibilities. For instance, applied research is used in fixing and determining proper actions that can be implemented in a prevailing problem encountered by managers which demand timely solutions. For a business manager, the knowledge in academic research is hence vital as basic research enables managers to understand how specific problems experienced within the organizations can be explained as well as how the knowledge can be further used in solving issues at later dates. Despite the fact that the solutions may be different, Dent (2002) points out that challenges faced by organization managers follow similar steps that need a scientific procedure in adopting strategic solutions. Through academic research, managers can strategically identify and find answers to different challenges, issues, and concerns as well as the internal and external course of action that can be taken in finding relevant and effective solutions. In support of the statement, Sekaran and Boguie (2014) point out that academic research skills help in enhancing decision-making by managers to be able to deal with the challenges they experience within the organizations successfully. Denzin and Lincoln (1994) also point out that managers having knowledge on the relevant academic research management skills are in a better position in handling different problems. He gains vital decision-making skills that give him tremendous economic saving potentials that can benefit the financial and eco nomic progress of the organization. The manager can also improve their skills in deciphering the communicated managerial research knowledge from both internal and external research consultants as well as those retrieved from different academic publications addressing similar issues. As a result, the managers can take educated, calculated, and intelligent risks with known probabilities attached to the failure of success of the management decisions. For this reason, academic research is an essential tool for decision-making rather than just generating large incomprehensible statistical information. In critical moments of decision-making, managers with a basic understanding of their research and managerial roles are the key competitors in the digital error when it comes to business management. The research knowledge and skills are sought after resources that are essential in mitigating strategic failures faced by organizations. Therefore, gaining an understanding of the relationship between management decisions and resear ch is essential for managers to ensure the organization is benefiting out of the research efforts it implements. Differences implied by the approach According to Agnew and Pyke (1994), research is not just a set of technical skills which can easily be added to a focused and clever individual in a managerial position. More is involved especially when considering the complex human dynamics that differ significantly among cultures and people. While taking care of employees and coordinating activities for the benefit of an organization, a good manager requires not only a set of skills necessary for research but also a good attitude towards embracing the values of the organization according to Rosenberg (2015, p. 6). The study of the subject of management by individuals such as Fayol, Hamel, Kotter, and Mintzberg can be captivated but the similar ideas yet differences in interpretation on how management roles differ. Many agree to the base managerial role as defined by Fayol (1949) as being organizing, planning, coordinating, controlling, and commanding,- Mintzberg (1973) as noted by Whitley (1984, p. 370). However, the above definiti on does not just focus on the internal factors influencing managers but the external influences as well using a system approach to management. Managers do not only spend time in planning, commanding, coordinating, organizing, or controlling, but also performs other tasks such as joining meetings, building interpersonal relationships, and dealing with other clients. It also means that the role of a manager is more and requires a more systematic study. As a result, one cannot just draw simplistic conclusions and biased judgments as there is no uniform consensus to the standardization of the skills and roles required for an effective manager as denoted by Kilduff and Mehra (1997, p. 454). The management role is thus multifaceted as it exhibits both uniqueness and similarities depending on the industry and the company and cannot just describe as it is done by many researchers. For the more, many organizations have unique individual cultures that bring a difference in how responsibilities and roles are propagated within the organization. According to Agnew and Pyke (1994), the responsibilities of managers are essentially integrating activities which permeate every facet of the strategic operations of an organization. However, there does not exist any one-type-fit kind of concept as there are considerable variations in the types of skills necessary for managers to fulfill the many different organizational roles. From leading the team of employees to resolving conflicts representing stakeholders of the organization, negotiating contracts, to ensuring effective and successful recruitment processes, the manager continuously shifts roles depending on the change in the tasks, situations, and organizational expectation. It is at this point that the academic research role comes in so as to effectively equip the manager on the political, operational, and strategic responsibilities of their roles. As suggested by Wankel and Fillipi (2002), a manager needs to be a coach, liaison, a problem-solver, an organizer, a trainer, a dec ision-maker, and a cheerleader. These roles can change from time to time hence require a manager to have a global understanding of all the functions within the business. The academic research role hence equips the manager with effective organizing goals, accountability, and appropriate way of serving both external and internal clients within the organization. Challenges and requirement in pursuing the role of academic researcher in conjunction with the cluster roles of a manager In pursuing the role of academic research as well as effective achievement of the organizational roles require two major factors i.e. strategic implementation and proper decision-making. In the process of managing organizational resources and activities, very few intended strategies are realized successfully. One survey after another reveals that strategic implementation has become a top priority for business executives in ensuring effective management roles. Kilduff and Mehra (1997) points out that less than 15% of organizations globally report their success towards strategic implementation. However, the same study reports a failure rate of 60% to 90%, where the majority fails at the strategic phase of the implementation process. A big percentage of these failures are traced to poor strategic implementation due to management roles and elements that were under control. Balancing between academic research and the managerial responsibilities hence require effective and relevant steps to ensure a strategic implementation process that can effectively assist the organization to achieve its strategic objectives. In his study, Rosenberg (2015) points out several reasons why many organizations experience the failure in strategic implementation resulting to incompetent management and academic research performance as summarized in figure 2. These reasons include incompetent management, inadequate strategy, neglect of political interest, a culture of fear, insufficient control and planning, and absence of implementation plan. Figure 2: Reasons why many organizations experience the failure in strategic implementation In his study, Rosenberg (2015) also points out that the managers have the responsibility of ensuring a good outcome through the decisions they make in their managerial positions. Getting the academic research knowledge on the right decision-making within the organization is hence vital in elevating the sensitivity of the managers in innumerable external and internal factors of varied nature while managing their roles in the organizational environment (Zikmund 1997, p. 65). However, the decision-making procedures adopted in balancing between the academic research roles and the managerial roles determine the achievements and blunders made within the organization. Consequently, Rosenberg (2015) points out that managers with academic research skills and knowledge should be very keen on the decisions they make with the various research methods for the advantage of the organization. Effective decision-making skills are necessary for taking intelligent, calculated, and educated risks while balancing between the managerial and academic business research roles for the achievement of the strategic goals of the organization (Brown 1997, p. 24). Conclusion Through research skills and knowledge, managers shape their thinking skills while narrowing the problems they face down into the workable matter in intelligently dealing with business issues while drawing from a vast collection of literature on related managerial matters. On the other hand, knowledge and skills on research cannot be appropriate for every manager as there is no uniform standardization of role and skills linked to management. In other words, anyone can be a manager or a researcher, but not everyone can be both researcher and manager. However, adding the knowledge of research to management roles is considered as a strategic key for the benefit of the organization. In such a manner, managers can achieve a better overview of business intelligence concerns and issues within the business environment. It hence facilitates the development in forming intelligent and economic decisions that can lead to better actions and sustainable performance e of the organization. So how can we effectively add the role of academic research to the present cluster of roles for organizational managers? It is a question that requires further research and study as a result of the common dynamics as a result of the tension and confusion that occurs when leaders are requested to wear two hats. Even though the functional hats take precedence as the most familiar and immediate managerial role, keeping full-time function roles without creating a real space for other duties is a step towards failure. List of references Agnew N., Pyke S.,(1994) The Science Game: An Introduction to Research in the Social Sciencespp 269 - 290 Bareham, J., Bourner, T. and Stevens, G. (2000). The DBA: What is it for? Careers Development International. Vol. 5, no. 7, pp 394-403 Brown R. (1997), You Cant Expect Rationality from Pregnant Men: Reflections on Multi-disciplinarily in Management Research, pp 23-30 Dent, Eric B. (2002). Developing Scholarly Practitioners: Doctoral Management Education in the 21st Century. Chapter 6 in Wankel, C. and De Fillipi, R. eds. (2002). Rethinking Management Education for the 21st Century. Information Age, N.Y. Denzin N, Lincoln Y, (1994) Handbook of Qualitative Research pp 1 - 17 Kilduff M.,Mehra A., (1997), Postmodernism and Organizational Research, pp 453 - 481 Raelin J., (1997), Action Learning and Action Science Are They Different?pp 21-34 Robinson, (1993), Current Controversies in Action Research Rosenberg, S, 2015, Manager role and business researcher, Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/manager-roles-business-researcher-svein-rosenberg Sekaran, Uma Bougie, R. (2014)Research Methods for Business: a skill-building approach,6th ed., West Sussex, UK, Wiley The Logic of Social Research, pp 1-15 Zikmund M., (1997), Business Research Methods pp 63-78 Whitley R., (1984), The Scientific Status of Management Research As a Practically Oriented Social Sciencepp 369-390 lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-48669876067010513202020-03-22T00:27:00.001-07:002020-03-22T00:27:03.020-07:00Arts in Schools EssayArts in Schools Essay Arts in Schools Essay A childââ¬â¢s education cannot rely on reading and math alone. A wide range of educational opportunities need to be made available to a child to allow them to explore their talents and interests, whether it be through arts programs, athletics programs, or other activities outside of subjects on standardized tests. Not every student wants to be an engineer or scientist and those children should not be denied opportunities in their education. Creativity in the classroom plays a big role in how children involve themselves in their studies, social lives, and home lives. It is an important part of education and should be valued more. Many people believe that the arts are a waste of time and arenââ¬â¢t going to land you a stable job in the future. What they donââ¬â¢t realize is that having knowledge in different arts, benefits students in different parts of their lives. Including in the classroom where they learn math and science. Not only does having knowledge in the arts stimula te and develop the imagination and critical thinking, but it also refines cognitive and creative skills. Whilst other students might solve a problem based solely on logic, students with a knowledge in the arts can look at that same problem both logistically, and creatively providing them with more insight on the problem. Arts knowledge also has a tremendous impact on the developmental growth of every child, and has proven to help level the learning field across socio-economic boundaries. It strengthens problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, adds to overall academic achievement and school success. When a student is involved in artistic thinking, it truly teaches them life skills, such as developing an informed perception, articulating a vision, learning to solve problems, and make decisions. Not only this, but it also aids in building self-confidence and self-discipline, developing the ability to imagine what might be, and accepting responsibility to complete tasks from start to finish. Being in any type of arts program, whether itââ¬â¢s acting, or dancing, film, or general art, self-confidence and self-discipline are strongly provided. With open arms, art programs accept any student that might be having a hard time in school, or at home, and gives them something to be proud of. Whether it be a painting they painted or performing in the school play, being in an art program lets you use your passion and soul to make or do something that you are proud of. By painting, training, or practicing hard, the student achieves their goal using self-discipline for in the arts, you can only be as good as you yourself try. Art programs throughout the world give any students the right to speak what is on their minds and in their hearts and to not be judged, but praised for it. Creativity, soul, heart, passion, hard-work are just some examples of what the arts can give back to you. Having art programs in schools is essential. A very intelligent man named Ken Robinso n made a delightful speech regarding art programs in schools on the website TED.com. Besides being British and hilarious, he makes substantial points and tells such wonderful funny stories! An influential quote from his speech is "If you're not prepared to be wrong, you're not going to come up with anything original." This is quite a true statement. He isn't saying that being creative necessarily means that you are wrong. He is just saying that when being creative, you're willing to take the chance and not care about the results, your answer will be genuine and unique. One extraordinary point he makes in the speech is that as we grow older we are being "educated out of our creativityâ⬠. As we go through school we quickly learn that mistakes are terrible, and strive for perfection. Memorizing facts, knowing systems and orders, but what happened to the creativity we had as kids? One last point that he makes, might not be completely true, but is funny and did make some sense. â⠬Å"Public education is made for making lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-3216636241234684502020-03-05T14:51:00.001-08:002020-03-05T14:51:02.524-08:00Obsidian - Volcanic Glass Prized for Stone Tool MakingObsidian - Volcanic Glass Prized for Stone Tool Making The volcanic glass called obsidian was highly prized in prehistory where ever it was found. The glassy material comes in a range of colors from black to green to bright orange, and it is found everywhere rhyolite-rich volcanic deposits are found. Most obsidian is a deep rich black, but, for example, pachuca obsidian, from a source in Hidalgo and distributed throughout Mesoamerica during the Aztec period, is a translucent green color with a golden yellow sheen to it. Pico de Orizaba, from a source in southeastern Puebla is almost completely colorless. Obsidian Qualities The qualities that made obsidian a favorite trade item are its shiny beauty, its easily worked fine texture, and the sharpness of its flaked edges. Archaeologists are fond of it because of obsidian hydration-a relatively secure (and relatively low cost) way to date the period an obsidian tool was last flaked. Sourcing obsidianthat is to say, discovering where the raw stone from a particular obsidian artifact came fromis typically conducted through trace element analysis. Although obsidian is always made up of volcanic rhyolite, each deposit has slightly different amounts of trace elements in it. Scholars identify the chemical fingerprint of each deposit through such methods as X-ray fluorescence or neutron activation analysisà and then compare that to what is found in an obsidian artifact. Alca Obsidian Alca isà a type of obsidian that isà solid and banded black, gray, maroon brown and bottled black maroon brown, that is found in volcanic deposits in the Andes mountains between 3700-5165 meters (12,140-16,945 feet) above sea level. The largest known concentrations of Alca are at the east rim of the Cotahuasi Canyon and in the Pucuncho basin. The Alca sources are among the most extensive sources of obsidian in South America; only the Laguna de Maule source in Chile and Argentina has comparable exposure.à Three types of Alca, Alca-1, Alca-5 and Alca-7, outcrop on the alluvial fans of the Pucuncho basin. These cannot be discerned with the naked eye, but they can be identified on the basis of geochemical characteristics, identified through ED-XRF and NAA (Rademaker et al. 2013). Stone tool workshops at the sources in the Pucuncho basin have been dated to the Terminal Pleistoceneand stone tools dated to the same 10,000-13,000 year range have been discovered at Quebrada Jaguay on the coast of Peru. Sources For information on dating obsidian ,à see the article on obsidian hydration. See the History of Glass Making, if thats what interests you. For more rock science on the substance, see the geology entry for obsidian. For the heck of it, try the Obsidian Trivia Quiz. Freter A. 1993. Obsidian-hydration dating: Its past, present, and future application in Mesoamerica. Ancient Mesoamerica 4:285-303. Graves MW, and Ladefoged TN. 1991. The disparity between radiocarbon and volcanic glass dates: New evidence from the island of Lanai, Hawaii. Archaeology in Oceania 26:70-77. Hatch JW, Michels JW, Stevenson CM, Scheetz BE, and Geidel RA. 1990. Hopewell obsidian studies: Behavioral implications of recent sourcing and dating research. American Antiquity 55(3):461-479. Hughes RE, Kay M, and Green TJ. 2002. Geochemical and Microwear Analysis of an Obsidian Artifact from the Brown Bluff Site (3WA10), Arkansas. Plains Anthropologist 46(179). Khalidi L, Oppenheimer C, Gratuze B, Boucetta S, Sanabani A, and al-Mosabi A. 2010. Obsidian sources in highland Yemen and their relevance to archaeological research in the Red Sea region. Journal of Archaeological Science 37(9):2332-2345. Kuzmin YV, Speakman RJ, Glascock MD, Popov VK, Grebennikov AV, Dikova MA, and Ptashinsky AV. 2008. Obsidian use at the Ushki Lake complex, Kamchatka Peninsula (Northeastern Siberia): implications for terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene human migrations in Beringia. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(8):2179-2187. Liritzis I, Diakostamatiou M, Stevenson C, Novak S, and Abdelrehim I. 2004. Dating of hydrated obsidian surfaces by SIMS-SS. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 261(1):51ââ¬â60. Luglie C, Le Bourdonnec F-X, Poupeau G, Atzeni E, Dubernet S, Moretto P, and Serani L. 2006. Early Neolithic obsidians in Sardinia (Western Mediterranean): the Su Carroppu case. Journal of Archaeological Science 34(3):428-439. Millhauser JK, Rodrà guez-Alegrà a E, and Glascock MD. 2011. Testing the accuracy of portable X-ray fluorescence to study Aztec and Colonial obsidian supply at Xaltocan, Mexico. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(11):3141-3152. Moholy-Nagy H, and Nelson FW. 1990. New data on sources of obsidian artifacts from Tikal, Guatemala. Ancient Mesoamerica 1:71-80. Negash A, Shackley MS, and Alene M. 2006. Source provenance of obsidian artifacts from the Early Stone Age (ESA) site of Melka Konture, Ethiopia. Journal of Archaeological Science 33:1647-1650. Peterson J, Mitchell DR, and Shackley MS. 1997. The social and economic contexts of lithic procureent: obsidian from classic-period Hohokam sites. American Antiquity 62(2):213-259. Rademaker K, Glascock MD, Kaiser B, Gibson D, Lux DR, and Yates MG. 2013. Multi-technique geochemical characterization of the Alca obsidian source, Peruvian Andes. Geology 41(7):779-782. Shackley MS. 1995. Sources of archaeological obsidian in the Greater American southwest: An update and quantitative analysis. American Antiquity 60(3):531-551. Spence MW. 1996. Commodity or gift: Teotihuacan obsidian in the Maya region. Latin American Antiquity 7(1):21-39. Stoltman JB, and Hughes RE. 2004. Obsidian in Early Woodland Contexts in the Upper Mississippi Valley. American Antiquity 69(4):751-760. Summerhayes GR. 2009. Obsidian network patterns in Melanesia: Sources, characterisation, and distribution. IPPA Bulletin 29:109-123. Also Known As: Volcanic glass Examples: Teotihuacan and Catal Hoyuk are just two of the sites where obsidian was clearly considered an important stone resource. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-87412286084579824932020-02-18T06:18:00.001-08:002020-02-18T06:18:03.160-08:00HRM - exam preparation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsHRM - exam preparation - Essay Example How much of remuneration is to be paid (the absolute level) is important to the extent that it takes care of a personââ¬â¢s minimum needs. Fixing of a minimum wage by an employer or company, or legislating on minimum wages by the Government, therefore focuses on ââ¬Ëhow muchââ¬â¢. This ââ¬Ëhow muchââ¬â¢ depends on physical variables (what is needed to keep body and soul together) and cultural variables (what is perceived as ââ¬Ënecessaryââ¬â¢) (Here we may refer to the first two levels of Maslowââ¬â¢s Theory of the Hierarchy of Needs ââ¬â taking care of the physiological and safety needs. Beyond the level of the minimum wage to be paid, equity and fairness should play an important part in determining wages (the relative levels). Further, equity should be ensured without having to sacrifice the other objectives mentioned. Equity and fairness considerations in pay fixation take care of the social and esteem needs (Maslow) of an employee. Both internal and external equity principles (relative fairness of wages of workers in the same organisation, and outside the organisation) should be kept in mind while fixing pay. Rewards (compensation) are of two kinds ââ¬â direct and indirect. The direct reward is the salary; and indirect rewards are the benefits or perquisites (perks) that an employee gets. Benefits include company provided house, car, medical facilities, company paid holidays, company sponsored study courses and training and so on. Equity or fairness between one employee and another can be maintained by adjusting both the direct or indirect benefits. 1- Modification of input or output to match pay. A person who is underpaid would reduce work effort; a person who is overpaid may work more sincerely and for longer hours without further compensation. A worker may attempt to change the input/ output of others, by asking them to work/not work harder. 2- Workers may adjust lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-89030603332611427442020-02-03T17:27:00.001-08:002020-02-03T17:27:03.095-08:00Jacksonian Age religious commotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsJacksonian Age religious commotion - Essay Example For a long time, the government controlled every activity that the church was doing (Sellers 2006). The separation between the church and the state caused a commotion in the religion. Divisions in the church were evident, where each denomination claimed to have power than the other. The main denominations according to the ranking of the majority were Methodist, Presbyterians and the Baptists. It was due to this margin among the religious institution that caused changes in the church. This commotion gave birth to revivalism which was highly welcomed by the Americans. Long before these changes, the Americans used to be attracted by secular meeting organized through camps to gain a social touch, but with the emergence of revival meetings, they diverged their lifestyle to concentrate on revivals (Sellers 2006). Salvation was evident in such meetings, having faith was also encouraged, and as a result, many people gave their lives to God. Each denomination could formulate ways to mak e their revivals unique. For instance, the Baptists came up with the idea of baptism. They argued that, it was vital for the fulfillment of conversion experience (Sellers 2006). Those who were baptized, were convinced of having gained eternal life, hence as a way of maintaining it, they became so loyal to the church. The church at one point started deteriorating in terms of fame in the country. This was due to some actions that were happening in the church which did not make people happy. Business-minded revivalists emerged, using revivals as a source of income. Though giving was a requirement, in the church, American citizens wondered how they could make themselves rich. People who conducted the revivals could not maintain their purity. They were involved in the dirty acts of immorality. Traditional religion The traditional religion in the United States was not forgotten. A good number of Americans believed in things like dreams, fortune tellers, ghosts and lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-63886566964588324472020-01-26T13:51:00.001-08:002020-01-26T13:51:07.684-08:00Causes of Occupational StressCauses of Occupational Stress Occupational stress can be referred to the physical pressure such as weary as well as body pain (Beehr et al., 2001) ( cited in Nazim Shahid Jan, n.d., p.292) and mentally pressure such as weary, anxiety, depression, insomnia, incurred by oneself occupation or job (Millward, 2005) ( cited in Nazim Shahid Jan, n.d., p.292). There are two types of stress, which are eustress and distress. Eustress, is a positive stress, can motive one to achieve oneself goals whereas distress negatively influences oneself behavior, physical and mental condition (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 139). In fact, there are a number of factors which cause occupational stress. Firstly, employees usually feel pressured when there are overload work tasks to be completed by them (Swaminathan Rajkumar, 2013, p.86). For instance, when an employer distributes a number of difficult tasks to his or her employee to be completed within a short period of time, the employee will usually feel stressed due to the fact that completing the task within a short period of time is beyond the employeeââ¬â¢s capability. This can be related to MARS Model where Motivation, Ability, Role perception and Situational factors are considered (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 46-49). The employee may have the motivation and ability as well as a good role perception to perform his or her task, but due to situational factor such as limited time, he or she will feel stressed. For instance, in most of the secondary school, a teacher is responsible for teaching many subjects and the overload work task will definitely make the teacher feel stressed (It takes two: how schools are in vesting in staff teaching additional subjects 2013). Besides, the relationship among employees or between employees and employers also contributes to occupational stress (Causes of work-related stress 2009). This problem commonly happens when a new employee enters into a new job or position. He or she may not be able to get used to the new environment, especially the relationship with new colleagues. New employees will usually feel ignored by his or her colleagues and this problem makes them feel depressed (Common causes of stress at work n.d.). Very often, new employees will also have problem in communicating with new colleagues because of incomprehension of personality to each other (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 345). In Model of Communication, communication barriers are the obstacles, which include perception, filtering, language and excessive information that disturb communication among people (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p.356-358). For instance, sometimes when new colleagues make fun of a new employee such as kidding with the new employee, the new employee may convert the message received in a wrong way due to his or her perception, different language spoken, excessive information received and so on, in which the employee will think that the new colleagues are trying to insult him or her. Moreover, some employees, who do not have a good communication and relationship with their superiors or employees, are even bullied and suffer from harassment such as sexual harassment by their superior and end up feeling pressured (Tehrani 2002) (cited in Ongori Agolla 2008, p.124). The employees or victims are unable to communicate well or feel shy to communicate with people in a company will usually be the target of bullying by their superiors or colleagues. For example, in Nike company, there is a number of employees has suffered from insult and sexual harassment by their superiors (Nike workers suffer harassment, claims report 2001). Consequently, these victims will end up suffering from stress or feel very pressured whenever they work in their workplace. Job insecurity is also not an exception to be one of the main factors contributing to occupational stress and thus reducing the productivity of employees (Babatunde 2013, p.76). In the Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs, the most important need of human is physiological, followed by security such as job security, socialization, esteem and self-actualization (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 170-171). It is, therefore, clear that job security is necessary for a person. This problem worrying about job insecurity is most commonly faced by employees who are in debts, confront financial liability and difficulties. These employees are usually worried about the problem of unemployment that may occur on them in the future as their current job is very important for them for shouldering certain liabilities or responsibilities such as raising a family. In fact, the problem of employeeââ¬â¢s dismissal commonly happens during economic recession, in which the economic is under a bad cond ition (Sandilands n.d.). Therefore, employeesââ¬â¢ worries about dismissal usually arise during economic recession. Due to the fact that most of the companies have insufficient revenue to cover their expenses, the companies therefore dismiss some the employees who are not productive in order to reduce their expenses (Windermere n.d.). For example, Nike has planned to dismiss about 1750 workers in order to reduce its expenses by $225 million (Rogoway 2009). Not only that, some of the employees is also worried that their salaries will get deducted as well as being treated unfairly. For instance, the majority of the employees in United Kingdom are most worried about the problem of their salaries reduction, followed by the problem of being unemployed and treated unfairly (Osborne 2013). Therefore, job insecurity is truly undeniable to be one of the major factors which may lead to the occupational stress (Unemployment ââ¬Ëcan lead to depressionââ¬â¢ 2011). In actual fact, occupational stress has indeed brought advantages to employees. One of the most common advantages is that a low level of occupational stress can help to improve the working performance of an employee. When an employee has suffered from stress such as a reasonable work submission deadline, he or she will be more initiated or committed to try the very best to complete a task or come out with a well-done output. For example, after Apple company has released its new smartphone, iPhone 5S, Samsung Company then declares that it will also come out with its new smartphone product, Samsung Galaxy S5 which also has the same level of processor (The Fierce Competition Between Samsung And Apple is Still Ongoing n.d.). It is clearly shown that stress has actually motivated Samsung companyââ¬â¢s employees to create come out with a good way to compete with Apple Company. Occupational stress, on the other hand, does also incur a number of negative impacts. The typical disadvantage is that occupational stress may harm oneself health condition in term of physical and mental. It is commonly known the symptoms of being overstressed are headache, insomnia, high blood pressure and so on (Hamlett n.d.). In fact, these symptoms also implies that oneself suffer the risk of health problems. If the overstressed issue persists, the employee will get sick and end up reducing his or her productivity. Not only that, the employee will also be unable to fully concentrate on performing his or her tasks as he or she will be distracted by worries at most of the time (Hamlett n.d.). In addition, the issue of occupational stress harming employeesââ¬â¢ mental health condition is now increasing at an alarming rate. The mental illness or stress suffered will get serious if it is not cured as soon as possible and will end up causing fatal to the patient such as committing s uicide (Omelas Kleiner 2003) (cited in Ablanedos-Rosas et al. 2011, p. 555). For example, a nurse in Britain committed suicide due to the vicious slander brought by his patient (Work Suicide n.d.). In order to reduce stress temporarily, many people choose to smoke and end up addicted to smoking (Smoking and Mental Health n.d.), consequently increasing the chances of getting lung cancer (Lung cancer risks and causes n.d.). In other words, occupational stress has indirectly led some of the employees to the risk of getting lung cancer. In addition, if the level of an employeeââ¬â¢s stress is too high and beyond the capabilities of the employee to control it, adverse effects such as frustration or anxiety may occur and will subsequently lead to a low productivity (Cevizci et al. 2014, p.42). Path-goal theory comprises of four types of leadership style, which are directive, supportive, participative and achievement-oriented (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 464). The leader of a company should be supportive and considerate to his or her employee. ASA theory consists of 3 ways, which are attraction, selection and attrition. Attraction is that a person is attracted by the culture of a company as the culture company is his or her preferred culture. Selection is that a company selects workers which are able to adapt the culture of the company. Attrition is that a company dismisses the workers who does not adapt to the culture of the company (Mcshane, Olekalns Travaglione 2010, p. 555-556). ASA theory can be us ed to reduce or avoid stress of employees through allowing workers to choose company which are suitable to them, selecting people who can work under stress and dismissing employees who are unable to meet companyââ¬â¢s target. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-74350519430068743382020-01-18T10:15:00.001-08:002020-01-18T10:15:05.671-08:00Issues Concerning African Americans and Puerto Ricans EssayThere are four major ethnic, cultural and racial groups present in the United States today. These groups which compose the nationââ¬â¢s population are the African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic and Native Americans or the Non-Hispanic Whites. From the dawn of time, issues of racial profiling have haunted the American Society, although United States of America is said to be the birthplace of patriotism unity and believed to be a nation that will adhere to intense dedication to freedom, justice and equality (Feagin, 1978). The vast diversity of the American population which characterizes the nationââ¬â¢s inhabitants has often resulted to disorder and chaos, as discrimination exists across the nation. Although the government has taken some actions and laws have been made and are implemented, they are not enough to counteract the racism problem at hand which is deeply rooted in the American tradition, as a longer time may deemed necessary before the public become accustomed to a racial free society. If the authorities are keen on abolishing and eliminate racial discrimination, it then important that they see to it that the public would have a better understanding and background of the different ethnic and minority groups. Awareness to their values, customs and traditions are small little steps that may eventually lead to these groups coexistence. For this reason, the paper discusses two of the major groups that play important roles in shaping the United States social structure, the African Americans and the Puerto Ricans. The emergence of Africans Americans or the black Americans population, which are United States residents but with blood lineage from the black racial group of Africa, in the United States can be traced back way before 1800ââ¬â¢s as majority of black Americans have their descendants in the United States. While White Americans came to the United States voluntarily, their Black counterparts were not given a choice as majority of the black population came in America as slaves (Feagin, 1978). It is noting to know that among the different ethnics group that come and settled in the United States, African Americans are the only group which have come not in accordance with their own free will. They were used as servants in large agricultural fields. It was believed that the first African American that had entered the borders of the United States settled in Jamestown. Their slavery and the hard labors they performed served as their free passage to the United States as they are compared to English poor people. However during the great American Civil War, by virtue of the proclamation signed by President Abraham Lincoln, the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans became free. But then the post war era, the restoration period, calls for the segregation of blacks from the whites and deteriorates what was supposed to be period of new beginning for the blacks.. In order to free themselves of troubles and violence brought by discrimination, most Black Americans followed the law which dictates racial segregation. However, as violence related to racial discrimination became widespread, calls for abolishing the racial profiling laws also intensify as growing African American heritage and intellect became more evident. The era of civil rights movement which aimed to promote camaraderie and embed equality by eliminating racial discrimination help largely to the Black Americans cause of seeking dignity for their culture and race. Thus, when the Black Power Propaganda was formed a more complex ideology was born as African American seeks for moral dignity, fairness, justice and freedom from white oppression. Today, free from slavery and contributing vastly to economics and politics and enjoying a legal status, Black Americans have enjoyed a great deal of success as they experienced and enjoyed greater rights, far from what were their ancestors have before. However, complete satisfaction and recognition of their rights will have to wait for another few years as white people and custom is still the dominant culture in the United States. The radical change, however, which started from the nineteenth century are strong indications and evidence of the emerging power the African Americans are obtaining. African Americans now have greater access top higher educations and growth in employment as blue and white collar workers are also evident. Disparity between the poverty of black and people have also reduced and many black Americans now have there owned home. However, the sad part is although continuous improvements are achieved each day, black Americans are still at disadvantage with the white people. It can be observed in issues regarding health insurances and benefits and institutional racism, which is very much present especially in middle schoolââ¬â¢s class. In fact, a report in Rutherford country showed that massive complaints of racial discriminations are filed as parents are alarmed with the growing numbers of black students that are suspended. Compare to their white counterparts, black students continue to be suspended at much higher rates, raising the question of racial discrimination in imposing discipline among the students. In 2006 for instance, 14. 4 % of black students were suspended in the district, which causes a handful of students to lag behind their studies (Scott, 2007). On the other hand rate of suspension for white students stand at 6. 6% (Scott, 2007). Figures and numbers indicate that the rates at which black students are suspended are more than double of the rate at which whites are. This then has poses an alarmed to the black population as their children are put into a disadvantage situation. Just like the African Americans, Puerto Ricans suffer a great deal of oppression and poverty as they occupy the bottom most part of the United Statesââ¬â¢ social hierarchy for years (Feagin, 1978). They are considered as one of the worldââ¬â¢s poorest groups, however, Puerto Rico posses a great link to the Caribbean world and the developing counties across the globe, which the United States social failed to utilize for their own advantage as it failed to realize its importance to the nation. The emergence of the Puerto Rican Ethnic group dates back to the time when the island which was then named as Borinquen, was a colony under the rule of Spain. For 400 years, Spain uses it as a strategic base. The island was a home for different tribes of Taino, however as the Spanish settle with in the island, population of the Indian tribes gradually diminished as generations passed by. Disappearance was due to the fact that Spain used them for forced labor in mines -which causes natives to acquire disease, massive exterminations and racial intermingling and merging. During that time, where in slavery was widespread, large number of African Americans was brought to Puerto to replace the natives as workers. Thus, the present genetic component of a modern Puerto Rican is a mix of Spanish, native Indians and African American. In 1898, as Spain succumb to American power during the Spanish-American War it surrendered Puerto Rico to the United States. Americans deemed Puerto Ricans as ignorant and as result, self governing was denied to them and Puerto Rico become entirely dependent to the US government. Puerto Ricans were left confused politically and culturally as they desperately ask matters about the issue of their citizenship. US Congress however, denied them of acquiring US citizenship relating that Puerto Ricans and Americans should not be treated as equal and they are inferior compare to them. But a year before the US plunged into the World War I, it granted Puerto Ricans US citizenship. With the booming population and stagnant economics, Puerto Rico became one of the poorest countries around the globe in the 1940ââ¬â¢s. In an effort to escape the harsh reality of life in the island, many of the population migrated to the United States, bringing with them the hope and the promise of an American Dream. However, the situation would not be different, as immigrants would fail to land jobs and are exploited. Furthermore, housings were prioritized for Native Americans. Language handicapped was also a barrier, which leads to them being discriminated. Puerto Ricans are also identified with Catholicism and Christianity which is teaching based from Spanish colonial times, and since the structure of the American church is Protestant, conflicts often arise. Businessmen of Puerto Rico descends, would often complain of the difficulty in getting loans. With automation starting to engulf the business and industrial sections, Puerto Ricans further sink to the bottom of the social pyramid as they become more isolated, like the black people. There were no opportunities that were presented for them as they lack the skills to land jobs. But then came the era of being unrest, the emergence of Civil Rights Movement and Anti-Poverty Groups in the 1960ââ¬â¢s helped Puerto Ricans stimulate and assimilate into the American society, culture and politics (Nash, 2000). The movement and program covers every Puerto Rican and led to astounding solutions to the problems that result from ethnics and cultural differences and inconsistencies which are related to the failure to be in accordance with the dominant American Culture. The emergence of theses groups had opened the eyes of the Puerto Rican public to seek for fair and just treatment and uphold their dignity. Although they have been successful in appealing for changes, after decades of struggling for political representation, culture and customs respect and their placed into the American Society, Puerto Ricans are today just slowly beginning to achieve and realize the progress and results. Whether it is questions about citizenship status, welfare and housing programs, bilingual and multi-cultural education or electoral power, Puerto Ricans had stood the test of time and has proven it is capable of complex assimilation to the dominant American society. However for Puerto Ricans and other ethnic minorities and racial group in America, being subordinate to the dominant American culture is a continued struggle as still they are treated unjustly. References Feagin. J. (1978) Racial and Ethnic Relations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall. p. 212, p. 298 Scott, B. (2007). Daily Race Colors Suspensions. News Journal Murfreesboro. Nash, K. (2000). Contemporary Political Sociology: Globalization, Politics, and Power. Blackwell Publishers. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-79274815814807975662020-01-10T06:39:00.001-08:002020-01-10T06:39:05.015-08:00Adhesion molecules in T-cell receptorAdhesion molecules or receptor play key role in many processes involving cellular immunity that included haematopoiesis, migration, activation and finally apoptosis. They are mainly surface glycoproteins and variation among them is mainly due to different pattern of glycosylation. Adhesion molecules play a central role in T cell activation by providing initial temporary attachment of TCR and Antigen bearing MHC on APC. It was clearly demonstrated by various studies where complete inhibition of cellular immunity was observed in response to Monoclonal antibody against many of these adhesion molecules.Cytotoxic CD8 T cells mediated immunity play a key role in viral infection control. It exerts it effect by close cellular interaction with viral infected target cells. Adhesion molecules play a crucial role in driving the effector T cell towards viral infected target cell as well as to establish interaction between TCR and APC. This article briefs the function and properties of some vital adhesion molecules such as LFA-1, ICAM and VLA-4. Further, research carried out to assess the role of adhesion molecules in T-cell receptor is also summarized.Thymus derived (T) lymphocytes are important regulatory and effectors cells in immune responses. The specificity of cellular immunity is mediated by T cell receptor-CD3 complex interacting with foreign antigen represented by MHC molecule (BARBARA E. , 1988). Activation of T cells leads to functioning of T Cells where it produces various cytokines and cell lyses. In general, CD4+ T cells act as helper cells by producing different effectors molecules after interacting with antigen bearing APC cells, whereas CD8+ cell directly exert itââ¬â¢s effect by killing the antigen bearing APC cells.Activation and generation of effectors T cells are mediated by TcR-CD3 complex but there are several other surface molecules that play a significant role in immune response and T cell adhesion to APC. Similarly, they have significant role in cell migration, homing and recirculation. Some recent reports indicate the role of these molecules in T cell activation and differentiation. Among many are LFA-1, CD2, CD4, and CD8. Each of these molecules interact with it ligands for example LFA-1 binds to ICAM-1 while LFA-3 bind to CD2 etc. (BARBARA E. , 1988) LFA-1:The LFA-1 molecule is member of a family of three related proteins found on lymphoid and myeloid cells having common Beta subunits of MW 95000. They are non covalently associated with a unique alpha subunit. Two other members of LFA-1 families are CR3 and p150. LFA-1 molecules are widely distributed on all thymocytes, T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. Identification of LFA-1 was done when monoclonal antibodies against it was used to inhibit cytotoxic T cell mediated killing and later on it was found to be key molecules which helps in TCR-APC interaction as adhesion molecules.Similar observation are made where anti LFA- 1 monoclonal antibody inhibits spontaneo us aggregation or homotypic adhesions between EB virus mediated activated T cells. This clearly indicates the role of LFA-1 in strengthening the intersection. Any abnormality in expression of these groups of adhesion molecules leads to recurrent bacterial and viral infection and abolished Cytotoxic T cell mediated immunity. (BARBARA E. , 1988) ICAM (Intra cellular Adhesion Molecules): Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) is a transmembrane glycoprotein molecule of the immunoglobulin super family.Each of the molecules is made up of 5 distinct domains and coded by gene present on chromosome 19. It is 80-114 KDa protein having 505 amino acid residues. ICAM associated with receptor of integrin family and having key role in cell signaling and adhesion. A CD8 T cell utilizes temporary interaction between ICAM-1 and LFA-1 to initiate binding of TcR and antigen MHC. This temporary interaction or binding provides sufficient time to T cell to recognize Antigen and respond against it by activation. (BARBARA E. , 1988)The T-cell lymphocyte migration is influenced by the interactions via the adhesion molecules, the T cell receptor and cytokines. (Hauzenberger D, 1995). The motility of the T cell lymphocytes is very much and critically dependent upon the avidity of the adhesive lymphocyte receptors for endothelial cells ligand and extracellular matrix componenets and the capability of the lymohocytes to undergo a motile response. Hauzenberger D et al. , 1995 discussed that the lymphocytes are rendered motile by adhesion to endothelial cells and ECM components.This migration, which is considered directed is mediated by beta-1-integrins and special T-cell lymphocytes that possess functional specialization using either alpha 4 beta 1 or alpha 5 beta 1 during chemotaxis and hapotaxis to ECM components. It is also reported that the T cell antigen receptor cannot itself trigger T lymphocyte migration to fibronectin, laminin or collagen type IV but works in hand with s ignals via alpha 4 beta 1. (Hauzenberger D, 1995) Adhesion molecules and Systemic viral Infection: Research Studies Virus induced changes in the adhesion molecules expression on T-cells were studied by Andersson et al., 1997. They studied how the antiviral effector cells migrate into the infectious foci. It was revealed by the FACS (Fluorescent associated Cell sorting) that when systemic lymphocytic choriomeningitis viral infection occurs in cells, various cell adhesion molecules including VLA-4, LFA-1, and ICAM-1 are up regulated on CD8+ cells. The lymph node homing receptor MEL-4 was down regulated during infection, but they observed only marginal changes in CD4+ cells. Further analyses showed that T cells with a changed adhesion molecule profile presented many other cell surface markers, thus indicating a state of cellular activation.The activation was of IL-2R, and included all virus-specific CTL effectors. The researchers concluded that the hypothesis that indicates that the up regulation of VLA-4 is important for effectors T cell homing to sites of inflammation. (Andersson EC, 1994). In Concanavalin induced Hepatitis, the TNF-? induced expression if Adhesion molecules are under the control of TNFR1. This study was performed by Worl et al. , in 2001. Hepatocellular death by activation of TNFR1 is mediated, apart from this TNF also in responsible for activation of cytokines and adhesion molecules.Also leads to massive induction of adhesion molecules, like ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selecting in the liver. The study also revealed, that the absence of any of the TNFrs did not change the adhesion molecules expression in the livers of ConA treated mice which leads to the conclusion that the other endothelial cell-activating cytokines up-regulated adhesion molecules expression. This study discusses the critical role of adhesion molecules, such that the upregulaton of adhesion molecules during hepatitis not only contributes to organ injury but also represent defense m echanism. (Dominik Wolf, 2001) Rhinoviruses cause common colds.This form of common cold has over 100 serotypes, the major group share a single receptor. Lymphocyte function associated molecule 1 (LFA-1) mediates leukocyte adhesion to a wide variety of cell types by binding to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Donald E. Staunton et al. , 1989 demonstrated identity between the receptor for the major group of rhinoviruses and ICAM-1. The studies revealed that a major group rhinovirus binds specifically to purified ICAM-1 and to ICAM-1 expressed on transfected COS cells and binding is blocked by three ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies (MAb) that block ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction.These studies also suggested that the ICAM-1 contact site(s) for LFA-1 and rhinoviruses is identical. Moreover, ICAM-1 MAb block the cytopathic effect in HeLa cells mediated by representative major but not minor group rhinoviruses. The researcherââ¬â¢s concluded that intercellular adhesion molecule 1 is ind uced by soluble mediators of inflammation, suggesting that the host immune response to rhinovirus may facilitate spread to uninfected cells. (Donald E. Stauntonb, p. 1989) Apart from ICAM1 and LFA-1, other categories of adhesion molecules functioning in T cell receptors include E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.These adhesion molecules mediate adult T-cell leukemia cell adhesion to endothelial cells. Ishakawa et al. , 1980 studies the adhesion properties of peripheral bold leukemic cells form 10 patients with adult T-cell leukemia to endothelial cells to derive the mechanism of leukemic cell infiltration. ATL cells did express LFA-1 but the expression of VLA-4 was variable. These results, together with the detection of E-selectin expression on the endothelium at ATL skin lesions, indicated that the E-selectin-mediated adhesion is the major pathway for the adherence of ATL cells to endothelial cells.Moreover, the ligand for E-selectin on ATL cells appears to differ fro m that on neutrophils. (T Ishikawa, 1993) Bibliography Andersson EC, C. J. (1994). Changes in cell adhesion molecule expression on T cells associated with systemic virus infection. Journal of Immunology , 1237-45. BARBARA E. , B. I. (1988). T cell adhesion molecules. FASEB , 2584-2590. Dominik Wolf, R. H. (2001). TNFââ¬âInduced Expression of Adhesion Molecules in the Liver Is Under the Control of TNFR1 Relevance for Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis.The Journal of Immunology , 1300-1307. Donald E. Stauntonb, a. V. (198). A cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, is the major surface receptor for rhinoviruses. Cell , 849-853. Hauzenberger D, K. J. (1995). T lymphocyte migration: the influence of interactions via adhesion molecules, the T cell receptor, and cytokines. Crit Rev Immunol. , 285-316. T Ishikawa, A. I. (1993). E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mediate adult T-cell leukemia cell adhesion to endothelial cells. Blood , 1590-1598. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-76774597578609772922020-01-02T03:03:00.001-08:002020-01-02T03:03:03.310-08:00Improving A Healthy Educational Policy - 1439 Words Studies set out in the last decade advise that there is an increasing priority for countries to promote a healthy educational policy to spike development. According to Hanushek and Wà ¶ÃŸmann, ââ¬Å"educational quality ââ¬â particularly related to developing countries ââ¬â is THE critical issueâ⬠for progress. Cognitive abilities obtained during primary and secondary schooling historically bring about more economic returns. So, there are two main ways in which education can be improved: 1)through increasing quantity and quality. 2)By increasing the amount of schooling, students have more time to develop necessary skills in disciplines such as reading, mathematics, and science. Hence, bolstering the quantity of education should foster human capital, hopefully bolstering productivity in the long-term. Additionally, a more educated workforce has a higher capacity for innovation, helping bring about structural changes to the economy. According to Hanushek and Wà ¶ÃŸm ann (2007, p. 24), ââ¬Å"several recent studies suggest that education is an important both as an investment in human capital and in facilitating research and development and the diffusion of technologies.â⬠Hence, increasing the quantity of education helps students gain more familiarity with technology, which encourages future innovation and productivity. However, due to limited research on the subject, Hanushek and Wà ¶ÃŸmann (2007) are skeptical to make any definitive links between development and the quantity of schooling. 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Nursing education faces great transformation as faculty strive to adapt curricula to prepare graduates at all levels of education for an increasingly complex workforce that has greater practice lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-53377493929694214882019-12-24T22:48:00.001-08:002019-12-24T22:48:04.142-08:00literacy narrative Essay - 943 Words Demetrias Henderson Eng.111 March 28, 2015 The Early and latter stages of Literacy Development Learning to read and write as a child is an experience that all can relate to. The average child learns to read and write at the early ages of three and four. Developing literacy at an early age is crucial to academic development as well as to performance in life. Early development can be just what a child needs to stimulate their minds, which in turn is assisting in the evolution of their future. The early and latter stages of development in a childââ¬â¢s literacy journey are the makings for their reading and writing skills. It also plays part in their analysis of obstacles as well as their developed or problematic literacy future. A childâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I soon began to excel in writing the alphabet as well as short words. My mom went on to teach me how to write my name, and I soon moved on to learn numbers. I enjoyed writing and began to choose that over playing outside. The following year, I started school and I enjoyed learning more than anything. I succee ded early in my classes due to my eagerness to learn. My experience with the letter E was but a mere speed bump in the future of my literacy and it did nothing to stop me. Secondly, One of the people most interested in my literacy performance other than my mom was my fifth grade teacher Mr. Greg Monroe. Most students didnââ¬â¢t appreciate his teaching style but I did. 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It is hard to have an argument or sometimes even a conversation with a person using ONLY literature. Sentences can have the same words, but handed lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-16525758073741434222019-12-16T19:18:00.001-08:002019-12-16T19:18:03.285-08:00Using National Honor Society Essay Samples Using National Honor Society Essay Samples Ideas, Formulas and Shortcuts for National Honor Society Essay Samples Writing is a talent, and that means you might be an outstanding student yet require a tiny aid in placing your deeds into accurate wording. Get some experience outside before you begin your essay. A specialist writer who's seasoned in writing NHS essays can aid with an outline, give advice, point you in the correct direction, or even compose the whole essay beneath your guidelines. Essay topic choice is not so simple as you believe. The Foolproof National Honor Society Essay Samples Strategy The primary purpose of your National Honor Society essay is to reveal you from the ideal side and help you show that you're eligible to be a member of this authoritative organization. You might be asked to compose an NHS essay before joining to demonstrate that you're eligible to join a prestigious organization. If you still can't know how to compose a national honor society essay, start looking for internet support. Your National Honor Society essay is a powerful tool which will allow you to grow to be a member of an extremely prestigious organization in america. To begin with, you ought to know the main advantages of being a true member of the NHS society. The candidate must demonstrate he or she's not merely a superb student, but in addition a useful and useful member of society. Being a member is a good deal of responsibility. You must now be concerned about where to find the guidelines and the steps of being a member of this prestigious society. Being a real leader is among the many qualities that you need to need to be in NJHS. Being he gives me the opportunity to work in a team and consider my peers' ideas to make our plans creative and enjoyable for everyone. Being a great leader means being an excellent servant. Your paper ought to be unique. A good example of a paper is the thing it's possible to see in our article. Give a review of the points you will be making in the letter. The letter should be brief and shouldn't be detailed. An extremely good informative letter follows a few standard guidelines. Also, you may be asked to compose an NHS essay before joining. To begin with, it determines whether the reader will keep on reading the remainder of the paper. A great topic is an essential portion of writing a prosperous national junior honor society essay. 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These varieties of essays attempt to demonstrate ways to present a specific candidate and also demonstrate that the person has been qualified to join the organization. Composing your own CV after graduating might be tricky, especially in case you're searching for your very first standing. If you're searching for a professional position, you ought to choose a program that focuses on producing professional resumes. Leadership is among the most significant traits to have not just in school but outside too. You might take note that national junior honor society essays are quite tough to learn at first. My basic long-term academic aim is to enter a prestigious college with superior learning conditions and I also wish to be a political scientist later on. Only the best students bec ome accepted. Tell the way you can influence the current world around. The structure of organization is extremely spread, it is made up of many chapters in high schools around the nation. The society does engage in a wide variety of community service activities. It can likewise be compared to building a vehicle. The Most Popular National Honor Society Essay Samples Likewise, it may be an equivalent excellence standard. Always make sure that you don't introduce new points in the conclusion as you might get rid of some marks. Character is the thing that makes people believe in you and in addition, it can help you succeed in your private life. Therefore it helps to cover the society's membership criterion. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-920622981652975042019-12-08T16:01:00.001-08:002019-12-08T16:01:03.761-08:00Business Combinations Strategy Question: Discuss about the Business Combinations Strategy. Answer: Introduction: Business combinations refer to the strategy by which business intend to expand in its size and operations and as a results, acquires dominance over the working of another business firm. When one business unit merges or acquires another business unit, it is referred to as a business combination. It requires identifying the acquirer and then finalization of the appropriate acquisition date and ends with the recognition and valuation of the assets or liabilities taken over. The entire process of business combination must be in accordance with the applicable Australian Accounting standards. Description- Business Combinations: Business combination is the mechanism which an organization uses to expand its asset and capital base and effect a significant increase in its business operations and capture a larger market stake. It is a re-organization of the entity and its assets structure. Such re-organization can either be internal or external in nature. Some of the widely used forms include amalgamation, holding subsidiary relationships or demerger. Business combination can be mindfully ensure the entitys growth and increased business operations and hence, facilitates higher revenues and profits, in the long run. Such increased profits are directly proportional to greater dividends to shareholders and better shareholder satisfaction. According to AASB 10, business combination refers to a transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Assets transferred other than by way of transfer of the entire business shall not be termed as business combination. Rather, such a transaction would be called a separate transaction, which does not arise as a result of the transfer of business. A business basically is a value added process, under which all the inputs are combined and then processes are being carried out, which convert those inputs into the final outputs, thereby facilitating them for feasible selling and distribution. Generally, businesses dealing in the same product lines or having simil ar product distribution channels engage themselves into business combination, so as to eliminate competition and extend its business operations. Due to the increased volume post- combination, the entities also benefit themselves from economies of scale. After the business is acquired by another entity, the acquirer shall, form the date of such acquisition be required to prepare the consolidated financial statements, along with its standalone financial statements. The acquirer company is not liable to prepare consolidated financial statements for the period prior to the amalgamation/ reconstruction. Business combinations are also referred to as the schemes of mergers and acquisitions, in which one company merges with the other, either in the form of amalgamation; or one company acquires the other, which is known as having a holding- subsidiary relationship or having an associate member. The acquisition of the assets can either be an asset combination or a business combination, on a whole, i.e. if the assets form part of a business, then it would be called as business combination (Financial Accounting Standards Board of the financial accounting foundation, 2007). In other words, business combination means bringing together of two or more distinct entities or organizations and merge them into one single entity. AASB 3 does not apply to business organizations which engage themselves in combinations in the formation of joint venture. Discussion- importance of identifying the acquirer: Recognizing a business combination begins with the identification of the acquirer followed by determination of the acquisition date and measurement of the assets and liabilities to be taken over. Business combination involves two or more entities, in which one entity acquires the business of the other entity/ entities. Acquisition of the business involves acquisition of all the assets and liabilities of the firm. In such a case, the entity which acquires the business and gains control over other entities shall be referred to as the acquirer company. Acquired company shall be the one which transfer its assets and liabilities to the other company, in exchange of a pre- determined consideration. Guidance note to AASB 127 Consolidated and separate financial statements govern the preparation and method of maintaining books and accounts of the combined entity. It prescribes that both the standalone and combined revenue statements should be prepared. It is important to beforehand identify the acquirer entity because the consideration which the acquirer company has to pay to the acquire must be certain and pre determined. Also, consolidated financial statements need to be prepared by the acquirer company post acquisition date. Since the domination lies with that company, it shall control all other entities amalgamated with it. And the old/ existing company must timely determine whether the acquiring company is capable of governing all the operating and financial policies of the business which it acquires. Also, identification of the acquirer is important so as to determine the size of the entities being transferred, the relative voting rights of the acquiring company in the new combined company. An analysis of the governing body of the acquirer must be made so as to determine the composition of the senior management and persons holding key managerial positions in the company. Also, it is important for the entities to discuss and s tate in written the terms and conditions of such exchange and transfer of assets, and for this, identification of the acquirer is a must. The acquirer entity shall be deemed responsible for adhering to all the governmental, operational and legal regulations and hence, it is the topmost priority of the entity to gain information and knowledge about the acquire entity. Before effecting a business combination, the entity should very well judge the capability and potential of the acquirer, so that the business reputation earned over the years, does not get negatively affected. Acquirer can be identifying by analyzing the direction in which the consideration is transferred. For example, A company, ABC Ltd. Transfers its assets and liabilities to XYZ Ltd.in return of a consideration, which is paid by XYZ Ltd., then the entity which pays consideration in the form of cash or shares is the acquirer. But, if the equity shares held by ABC Ltd. are transferred to XYZ Ltd and ABC Ltd receives some sort of consideration from XYZ Ltd for those shares, even then, the acquires shall be the final acquirer party, in this case, the acquirer shall be the equity shares issuing company and not XYZ Ltd. consideration is always paid for something in return. In case of a business combination, the consideration is paid in exchange of the assets transferred to the acquirer. Hence, the direction of the flow of consideration from one entity to another determines who the acquirer is. In other words, an acquirer can be identified as the entity whose management holds dominance over the other entities after a business combination takes place. In a business combination, one entity obtains control over the other. This implies that when an entity acquires control over another entity for the first time, it shall be referred to as business combination. However, if the acquirer company acquires more shares of the company post business combination, it shall only mean an increase in the percentage of control over the other company and not a separate business combination. The acquirer of the business combination is identified using the guidelines given in paragraphs B 14-B18 o AASB-3 and the guidance note of IFRS 10Consolidated financial statements. In other words, determination of the acquirer requires judgment. The acquirer is normally the firm hat disburses cash in exchange of the assets acquired from another firm. As compared to the firm size, acquirer is normally the company which has a relatively greater size of assets and greater net worth than the other firm. Comments- recognition of assets and liabilities: Recognition of assets acquired and the assumed liabilities take place only if both the assets and liabilities satisfy the criteria given in the definitions of assets and liabilities, as given by the International Accounting Standard Board. AASB 3 also specifies that only those assets and liabilities shall be recognized which have been acquired or assumed as a result of any business combination. Any assets or liabilities acquired otherwise, i.e. by any separate transactions, shall not be recognized by the acquirer company. In such a case of business combination, the accounting standards and procedures followed by the acquirer and the acquired company may differ. And hence, the recognition of such assets and liabilities shall also differ between two different entities. The acquirers application of the recognition principle and that of the other firm may differentiate and it is quite reasonable that the acquirer company, post-combination acquires and recognizes certain assets acquired o r liabilities assumed, that have not been duly recognized by the acquired company. Some of the examples supporting the statement are listed below: The acquirer entity in the business combination may recognize the identifiable brand name of the acquired company an asset, whereas, the acquired company does not recognize such brand name as an asset pre business combination (Castedello and Klingbeil, 2009). This difference in the recognition of brand name arises only because of a difference in the revenue recognition principles and the International financial reporting system followed by the entities. Hence, the manner and the accounting policies followed by both the entities in recording and recognizing brand name as an asset may vary. Similarly, the acquirer entity may recognize certain identifiable intangible assets like patents, customer relationships, etc. as an asset in its financial statements, but the pre combination acquired company doesnt record the same as the entity considered that these were internally generated and does not qualify to be an asset as per the Australian accounting standards. The pre acquired company may consider it as an item of revenue and expenditure and deal accordingly. These intangible assets like patents and customer relationships include the customer detailed book, the contact and sales details and these are also sometimes referred to as defensive and identifiable intangible assets. In a business company, one entity may obtain certain defensive intangible assets from the other entity which it does not intend to use in its business operations, but, hold them to gain a competitive advantage. Also, the recognition principle of certain contingent items may vary from entity to entity. The acquirer may record all the past generated future contingent liabilities, which the acquired company does not recognize prior to the combination. A difference in the recognition concepts does not judge the business combination to be legally valid or invalid. It varies from entity to entity. Also, the value at which the assets are recognized by the acquirer and the acquired company may vary, as the acquirer records all its assets acquired and liabilities assumed, other than goodwill, at the fair values as existing on the date the business acquisition or combination takes place. There may also be differences in the method of depreciation being charged on the fixed assets, the recording of deferred tax expenses, items relating to prior period, etc. Furthermore, the entities may follow different basis of accounting, i.e. accrual basis or cash basis. This would again change the recognition of the assets and liabilities acquired during the business combination. Conclusion From the above attached report, we can conclude that whenever one business firm acquires the business of another firm, including all its assets and liabilities, then, it is referred to as a business combination. Business combination basically starts with identification of the acquirer, followed by the selection of the acquisition date, and ending with the recognition of the assets and liabilities acquired in the business combination. Each of these steps has a specific significance, on its own. Also, in business combinations, the value at which the assets and liabilities are recognized by the acquirer company has a great significance. The firm needs to follow the Australian Accounting Standards for the recognition and valuation of various assets and liabilities of the firm. References: Dagwel, R., Wines, G. and Lambert, C. (2012). Corporate accounting in Australia, China: Pearson Australia. Financial Accounting Standards Board of the financial accounting foundation (2007) Statement of financial accounting standards no. 141,Norwalk: Financial accounting foundation. Miller, B.W.Paul, Bahnson, R. Paul (2008) A new day for business combinations, Journal of accountancy, June. Willens, R. (2008) Does it matter which company is the acquirer?, Banking Capital markets. Dodyk, L., Dolson, M., Weinberger, R., Bennett, E. and Psciotta, C. (2014). Business combinations and non-controlling interests. Global edition, Pwc. Porter, B. (2004) Business combinations: insights for Australian entities, Deloitte discussion paper. Castedello, M. Klingbeil, C. (2009) Intangible assets and goodwill in the context of business combinations, Munich: KPMG. Intangible assets in business combination (2008), Grant Thonton. Roger Hussey(2010) Business Combinations and Consolidated Financial Statements, Fundamentals of International Financial Accounting and Reporting, pp. 225-252. Yujiro Okura(2009) A Study of Goodwill and Intangible Fixed Asset on Business Combination, MA for Value Creation in Japan: pp. 17-33. Board, A.S. (2002) IASB proposals on business combinations, impairment and intangible assets/ accounting standards board. Surrey: Accounting Standards Board. Beyersdorff, M. (2014) International GAAP 2014:Generally accepted accounting principles under international financial reporting standards. 9th edn. United States: K=John Wiley Sons. Subcommittee in education and practice of the committee on insurance accounting (2008) Business combinations under international financial reporting standards, International Actuarial Association. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-4498442168640701352019-12-01T03:43:00.001-08:002019-12-01T03:43:03.486-08:00Mass Media Newspaper free essay sample Because of this, news reporters are horrible at violating the rights of celebrities and other influential people, just to get some dirt on their lives. Worst of all, said celebrities have very few rights to defend themselves with, and more than one photographer has sued the person he was stalking for damages when the celebrity tried to fight back and break their camera, or something along those lines. The media market is a bunch of obsessive stalkers that the law ignores. Yes H_Baird â⬠¢Yes. I believe that privacy is a human right, and the media continuously violates that right. One example would be the paparazzi chasing down celebrities in some of the most private moments of their lives. Regardless of social status, as human beings, we deserve some form of privacy. The need for society to have knowledge about a total strangers personal business is not valid. People do not need to know everything about everyone. We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Media Newspaper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On a more relevant level, court hearings are a way for the media to involve the public in a situation that should remain private, as publicity can affect peoples opinions, and sometime the outcome of a case. This is not just. Yes R3gg43Wit â⬠¢Yes, the media has become obsessed with invading celebritys privacy and going too far in general. The mass media seems to overstep its boundaries constantly nowadays. This trend is seen the most with how the paparazzi invades celebrities lives and cannot respect peoples space. Also the increase in reality TV has made everyone think they can be a part of the media, which blurs the lines of what the public thinks is public versus private. Yes VincenzoB The mass media oversteps its boundaries by consistently taking sides in political debates. I believe that the role of mass media is to provide fact-based news to the masses. Too often mass media presents opinion pieces in which they discuss what is right and wrong. Typically, these pieces are presented as opinion pieces, but their prevalence leads many to assume its the stance of the news organization. At the very least, it can influence the publics opinion too easily. Mass media should report the n ews without opinions and let the public make up their own mind. Yes IarsChrome â⬠¢Yes, I agree that mass media sometimes go beyond its boundaries. There are many many instances these days. Mass Media carries some social responsibility, it should enable communication informing people responsibly with the factual knowledge without any kind of bias. These days, sometimes we can find many instances where in mass media had exceeded its boundaries providing information based on rumor or too much information or sometimes irrelevant information as well. Yes SaroM0vi3 The mass media absolutely oversteps its boundaries; they cause car crashes and instigate physical fights with celebrities. To see how the media oversteps its boundaries, you only need to look at the fatal car crash caused by paparazzi photographers when Princess Diana died, or the tasteless photos of Michael Jacksons corpse. Every single detail about someones personal life is parlayed into a two-page spread of photos who theyre sleeping with, who theyre cheating with, a nudity slip, eve n articles judging celebrities toddlers/children and their dress sense or weight! I am far too young for this, but there was a time period where actors didnt have a camera or a microphone in their face every minute of every day, and that mystery made them almost chameleon-like in their roles. At a premiere or awards show there are thousands of photographers clamoring to get a photo with large, oversized, frightening-looking cameras. That would be terrifying for small children, and it should be scaled back. Yes R053Neddy â⬠¢Yes, I believe that the mass media goes way too far on many occasions. I have personally witnessed outright lies from the media just to make a better tory. Case in point- my best friend died December 25th, 2007. She fell off of a roof on Christmas morning. The media made her out to be an alcoholic and tried to use her story to scare young people not to drink. The truth was, there was no alcohol in her system. She was cold and had a blanket wrapped around her. She fell asleep looking at the stars and when she woke up, her feet got tangled in the sheets. The media outright lied to push their own personal agenda and tarnished her name forever. Yes I33Horray Voice Your Opinion No 50% of users The mass medias primary goal is to make profit, so there are no boundaries to overstep. The mass media includes newspapers, T. V. , and Internet, among any other mediums that could be found. There are no boundaries to overstep, as these media companies seek to make profit. If one doesnt wish to listen to mass media, then they simply wont. One has the choice to listen or watch what they want, and the media cannot control that. No TigerAmb â⬠¢Mass media does not overstep its boundaries, because its up to others to enforce their own boundaries. Sometimes, mass media can seem overly intrusive into peoples lives. But, its up to individuals to take steps to safeguard their privacy. And, if media do cross lines, then we always have the rights to contact law enforcement and pursue court action against them. If the media never pushed a little, theyd never get to the bottom of anything. No FlakyHerb64 â⬠¢I do not think the mass media oversteps their boundaries, for many reasons. I do not think the mass media oversteps their boundaries, for many reasons. First off, there is the freedom of speech factor. Mass media is usually run by citizens who want to portray their side of an issue or product. Second, people, in general, crave knowledge. This is where the mass media produces the knowledge and news coverage we need right away. No SecondNoel50 â⬠¢I think the media has the right and obligation to report on a wide variety of things. Public figures who argue that the lame stream media oversteps its bounds are the same people whose actions most need to be publicised. For instance, Sarah Palin often accuses the media of being overly invasive, but the medias job is to expose potential leaders and other public figures for what and who they really are. No ClammyErwin38 â⬠¢Mass media does not overstep their boundaries, because they are just filling a demand in the market that has become part of our culture. I dont believe that mass media oversteps their boundaries, because the demand is so high for constant coverage of everything. We have become so used to having 24-hour news channels and access to things once considered private, that mass media has become a demand and an expectation. If people begin to stop watching and buying into it, then the demand will go away. But, for now, we are so used to being able to get information about anything we want at any time of the day, and that is due to the efforts of the mass media. And, I actually see it getting bigger and bigger, as our thirst for information grows. No SilentIgnacio â⬠¢No, I think the mass media oversteps the bounds of decency sometimes, but not any legal boundaries. While its easy to hate the way mass media covers events and non-events, celebs and otherwise, I still wouldnt advocate censorship. The best way to censor media is for the public to stop paying attention. I wouldnt want limits imposed on reporters beyond the Constitutional prohibition on libel. No Th4Fire â⬠¢Mass Media does not overstep its boundaries, it falls under freedom of speech. As long as people are allowed to make decisions of whether to subject themselves to mass media or not, then mass media will never overstep its boundaries. Mass media targets those who it wishes to reach in most cases, and those groups are generally the same people who wish to be reached. Regardless, if the viewer has a choice to listen or not, then freedom of speech is in effect. No T3ddDemon The American mass media does not overstep its boundaries. America is a democracy. Democracies require a well-informed populace. The people are the masters of the machine, in a true democracy. The founders understood this. Therefore, they gave our press (i. e. mass media) privileges. They have the responsibility (i. e. a duty) to live up to the special power and privilege that has been allotted to them. Our medi a does not live up to their mandate. A recent example is the health care debate. We had numerous articles and broadcasts that worked to enrage us or to pull on our heart strings. It was nearly impossible to find an article or a news story that detailed any of the proposals in any of the bills. We were being asked our feelings about bills, without ever being told what was in them. It should not be necessary, in a real democracy, for the populace to sit in on every legislative act, sit in every court room in this country, or personally audit every government official. This is the duty of the mass media. They are given the power to investigate and report, in order to provide us with the information we need. They do not go far enough. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-70001115866810573982019-11-26T12:05:00.001-08:002019-11-26T12:05:04.043-08:00Your Voice is Like a RecipeYour Voice is Like a Recipe The hardest thing for me to describe to a new writer is voice.à At a recent conference, during an informal gathering, a new writer asked how to identify voice. I gave her authorsââ¬â¢ names and showed her how they had distinct voices. She recognized theirs, but she was still confused how to identify her own. Then I read a blog post about developing your own recipes, and how good cooks start off reading other recipes, then altering them as they deem necessary. Soon they have original dishes, after trial and error, insertions and deletions, embellishing and withdrawing. The same goes for writing. Recently, I heard a new writer say she didnââ¬â¢t have time to read very much. I hate that, because reading other work is the best teaching tool out there. Not conferences, not degrees, not how-to books, not that those donââ¬â¢t help. However, since the beginning of time, itââ¬â¢s been proven that the best way to learn anything is Iââ¬â¢ve heard some writers say they are afraid they will copy who they read. Nah. Ainââ¬â¢t gonna happen. You are not as good as they are, and trust me, you will not pull it off like they do. They have their voice. They know what theyââ¬â¢re doing. You may still be searching. I believe that reading the masters (i.e., successful authors who write in the genre you write) teaches you what works. You may even try writing like them. One author, then another author, then yet another. They are in your head as you fight a chapter ââ¬â the action, the character development, the plot formulation. You study oneà author for one aspect, then grab another for yet a different facet. Go ahead and copy them. Youââ¬â¢re going to edit the book anyway.à Because a funny thing happens between Chapter One and Chapter Thirty. Your writing grows. You start winging it several chapters into the story. You arenââ¬â¢t so quick to copy, and get quicker at making up your own stuff. You reach Chapter Thirty and thenâ⬠¦you go back and read the first few chapters. Wow. You write better than what you put in the opening chapters, and you learned it as you fought your way to the final chapters. Thatââ¬â¢s when you start with Chapter One and edit away, using the new voice that seems to ooze out here and there. You edit all the way through the book. Then you go back and look at Chapters One through Ten or so again. Dang it! You discover your voice grew again! You write better in the end than you did in the beginning of the story. Soâ⬠¦you edit the book again. You do this over and over and over. Twenty times or more, if necessary. As long as you feel your ending sounds better than the beginning, you rewrite, until your voice is uniformà throughout. A handful of you will think your book is good after the second draft, and you would be wrong. All those edits are necessary to build that elusive voice. Arenââ¬â¢t sure you have your voice defined yet?à Keep reading the masters, copying the masters, writing beginning to end, and rewriting over and over. So, what does this have to do with a recipe? When you first make a dish, you use a recipe perfected lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-86685259878049135802019-11-22T19:28:00.001-08:002019-11-22T19:28:04.135-08:00The Best SAT Prep Websites You Should Be UsingThe Best SAT Prep Websites You Should Be Using SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT has been around in one form or another since 1901. Through all its changes, probably the most helpful one for you is the rise of free online practice questions and guides covering every aspect of the test. Rather than having to carry around 400-page practice books like the students of yesteryear (i.e., the 90s), you can use these online resources to prep from anywhere with the Internet. To help you discern high-quality resources from low-quality ones, this guide will break down the SAT prep websites you can use to review content, learn strategies, and find practice questions. Disclaimer: Free SAT Resources at PrepScholar This article is one of many detailed guides offered (for free!) by PrepScholar. By exploring our other articles, you'll find in-depth information and analyses of all aspects of the SAT and ACT, from suggested study schedules to how to read passages to how to choose your test dates. Plus, we like to keep on top of those high-profile cheating scandals that often result in SAT score cancellations across the globe. I personally think PrepScholar offers the most insightful, high-level guidance around every step of the testing process. Our customized online test prep program tracks your progress and does a lot of the heavy lifting for you. That's why I'll link to our various guides when appropriate in order to give you a sense of the different areas we cover and continue to add to every day. At the same time, there are several other sites with highly useful information for your SAT prep. Rather than listing them in a row, I'll organize them by the testing steps you're looking for, starting with test registration and followed by guides for scheduling, test-taking strategies, and practice questions. Official SAT Website: The College Board If you've heard of the SAT, then you've probably heard of the College Board. This group administers the SAT and sends your score reports to colleges. To register for the SAT, you must create an account on the College Board website and upload a picture of yourself. You can then use this site to register for the SAT, learn about AP tests, and research colleges across the country. But this isn't all the College Board does. For one, it breaks down the SAT's overall format and skills: you can go "inside the test" to see what concepts are tested on the Reading, Math, Writing, and Essay sections. Some descriptions are a bit wordy and confusing, so you'll have to look elsewhere if you want to learn about the test in more accessible language. This website also offers free prep material, including SAT practice questions and ten full-length practice tests. SAT questions from the test makers are the gold standard when it comes to test prep. You can access dozens of sample questions for Reading, Writing, and Math, and you'll get to see all correct answers and answer explanations. For the Essay, the College Board gives test takers two sample essay prompts, and each section of the sample essay is scored from 1 to 4. Because the full-length tests are the same as those in The Official SAT Study Guide, I advise printing them out on your own rather than buying the book. Make sure to time yourself as you take the practice tests, and spend ample time correcting your answers with the answer keys provided. Best SAT Websites for Content and Strategy What concepts are tested on the SAT? What are the different skill sets you need for Writing and Reading? What kinds of tricks can you use to keep yourself from running out of time? One key part of your SAT prep that you won't find much of on the official SAT website is strategy. The College Board doesn't want you to know that questions follow certain standardized templates, or that you'll usually find the same kinds of wrong answers on Reading questions meant to distract you from the correct one. Nor will it give you strategies for reading passages quickly and efficiently or managing your time on tricky math questions. So what resources should you use instead? The following SAT websites are the most useful for learning the content and format of the SAT and getting down critical test-taking strategies. PrepScholar Informational and Strategy SAT Guides Our SAT blog offers in-depth coverage of each section of the test. Read about what's tested on each of the four sections, learn every detail of the SAT structure, and get a comprehensive look at the most recent SAT data, including average scores and percentiles. Unlike the College Board, whose SAT-ACT comparison charts clearly favor the SAT, our breakdown of the two tests has no agenda for you to choose one college admissions test over the other! Some of our best guides to help you understand the content and format of the SAT are as follows: What's Tested on the SAT Math Section? What's Actually Tested on the SAT Reading Section? What's Tested on the SAT Writing Section? SAT Essay Prompts: The Complete List Complete Comparison Charts: SAT vs ACT I also suggest exploring our General Info articles for information on topics such as test dates; Score Choice; scoring, sending, and receiving scores; and the best books for SAT prep. Although learning about the content and format of the SAT is relatively straightforward, finding effective strategies for answering questions and saving time on it are fewer and further between. The following list contains 10 of our most useful and popular SAT strategy guides. You can find more under the SAT Strategy category as well: How Long Should I Study for the SAT? 6 Step Guide Should You Guess on the SAT? 6 Guessing Strategies The 28 Critical SAT Math Formulas You MUST Know How to Get an 800 on SAT Reading: 11 Strategies by a Perfect Scorer The Complete Guide to SAT Grammar Rules How to Write an SAT Essay, Step by Step The Best Way to Review Your Mistakes for the SAT Choose Your SAT Test Dates: When's a Good Time For You? How to Study for the New SAT in 2016 How to Get a Perfect 1600 SAT Score, by a 2400 Expert Full Score This is just a small sampling of the SAT strategy guides we offer. In addition to these, we've written tons of guides specific to Math, Reading, and Writing for students in grades 9 through 12, and for middle schoolers who are starting prep early or taking the SAT to qualify for talent competitions. Finally, we strive to keep up with trends and events in the world of the SAT, as you can see in our articles on SAT Essay length and the SAT curve. Erica Meltzer's The Critical Reader Erica Meltzer's blog is extremely useful for prepping for the SAT Reading, Writing, and Essay sections. Over the years, Meltzer's blog has evolved from covering standardized testing to addressing many issues facing students today. That means you will probably have to dig through the site's extensive archives to find SAT prep articles. Many of those posts cover general topics, like learning vocabulary in context and comma usage. Additionally, some of her SAT Reading tips have been merged with ACT Reading tips since the tests are so similar these days. That said, Meltzer offers several useful posts and will most likely continue to add to them. Here are some of her posts that are definitely worth checking out: Using the introduction to get the big picture General vs. specific in Critical Reading answer choices Finding the point The importance of transitions What parts of speech can be subjects? I suggest exploring the blog for more tips for the verbal sections. Although her posts are engaging, Meltzer ultimately leaves it up to you to seek out examples and sample questions when trying out her advice. Erik the Red While Meltzer's blog focuses on verbal skills, Erik the Red is all about SAT Math. This website lets you download PDFs containing critical math facts, formulas, strategies, and vocabulary. The resources here are useful for both the SAT Math section and the SAT Math Level I and Level II Subject Tests. However, it's important to note that this website is even less updated for the SAT than Meltzer's blog is. The math resources here have remained unchanged since the old SAT and thus don't reflect the current SAT format, question types, and skills tested. I decided to keep this website on this list because many of the math concepts explained here- especially the algebraic ones- are essential to your performance on SAT Math. The PDFs Erik the Red has are still useful review for content areas like linear equations, nonlinear equations, functions, quadratic equations, and graphs. You could use them as review, but be sure to focus on the skills that will actually appear on the SAT (and leave out the ones that are less important). For instance, you don't have to focus too much on geometry since it'll only show up in about 3-5% of SAT Math questions. Ask the Dean on College Confidential If you have general questions about the form or content of the SAT that aren't answered in the resources above, try College Confidential. This website offers several student and parent discussion threads about the SAT, which you can peruse or even comment on. The Ask the Dean forum in particular has some helpful advice about how many times to take the SAT. It suggests three- that's more than what the College Board says to do and about the same as what we recommend doing (depending on your circumstances and goals). If you have questions about the logistics of the SAT, read up on the test on College Confidential before signing up for a test date. Best Websites for Free SAT Practice Questions The College Board isn't the only website that offers an assortment of free, high-quality SAT practice questions. Below are our top three picks for the best online resources for practice questions for the Reading, Writing, Math, and Essay sections. Some of them even offer full-length tests! Khan Academy Khan Academy has designed a scaffolded SAT prep program that diagnoses your level and takes you through practice questions, step by step. It was developed in collaboration with the College Board, so all of its practice questions are official and realistic. Its combination of video and written explanations will also appeal to different learning styles. On Khan Academy's interactive site, you can set up an account and take diagnostic tests on each section of the SAT. Then, Khan Academy will suggest what level you should focus on and, much like our own customized approach, present you with targeted question types to help you improve. The site breaks down each section into subtopics and gives you helpful tips on how to structure your prep schedule. Because it keeps track of your progress, you can log in from anywhere to pick up where you left off. In addition to SAT practice questions, Khan Academy offers resources that explain the structure of the SAT. At present, there are six articles and corresponding videos that describe the format and content of each section (including the Essay) and how they're scored. The website also contains a helpful glossary of SAT terms that go over what terms like "percentile" and "raw score" mean. If you're tired of reading about the SAT and prefer to watch explanatory videos, then Khan Academy is your best source for video explanations of what's on the SAT. Though its SAT material is thorough, the limited number of practice questions and lack of test strategy mean that Khan Academy, while incredibly useful, shouldn't be your only source of practice problems. PrepScholar Collection of Old and New Official SAT Practice Tests We've compiled PDFs for all ten official SAT practice tests, which you can download, print, and take on your own. In addition, we've collected four old SAT practice tests (using the 2400 system) and four very old SAT practice tests (using the old 1600 system). While these tests use old versions of the SAT, they can still be useful for your prep as long as you focus on relevant question types and skip the ones no longer tested (such as Sentence Completion). You'll have to score these tests on your own as well as take the time to understand your mistakes and analyze your answer choices. You can also try out a 5-day free trial of PrepScholar's online test prep program. For these 5 days, you'll have access to the entire program and can try out whether this approach to test prep works for you. PrepScholar helps break down your SAT prep into manageable goals, tracks your progress, and customizes your studying so you're focusing on the practice problems where you need the most improvement. If you enjoy this approach to test prep, then you can continue on with the entire program. If not, then you can call it quits after your 5-day trial. CrackSAT.net Like PrepScholar, CrackSAT.net offers free, official, old SAT practice tests (with answer keys) that you can download for free as PDFs. While the site does have some resources for the New SAT, there aren't very many. Having said that, even old SAT practice tests are great resources for practicing test-taking strategies to maximize your time...and your score. Like some of the other resources we've mentioned, you'll have to score these practice tests yourself. Be sure to set aside time to understand and analyze any mistakes you made. Also, this website is a bit tough to navigate, but once you wind your way through it, you'll have access to plenty of SAT practice questions. Altogether, this collection of websites and blogs can give you a ton of information about the SAT, from its content and form to strategies and official practice questions. Read on to learn the steps you should take to best use these online SAT resources in your prep. How to Use SAT Websites Effectively In order to get the most out of the websites listed above, you'll need to know how to approach and use SAT websites effectively. For both the College Board and Khan Academy, you'll want to make an account and keep track of your usernames and passwords. To post on College Confidential, you'll also need to register on the site to connect with community of students and parents going through the same college application process as you. For our own SAT strategy guides and Erica Meltzer's blog, you can just read through the different articles to answer any questions you might have or to learn new tips. You can then try out the various strategies you've learned on official SAT practice tests. Although the College Board is the official site for all things SAT, I recommend against taking all of its advice as definitive. The College Board's resources don't focus on test-taking strategies, which are the key to making sure you're scoring as high as possible. In the end, your best shot is to search for high-quality strategies and insights into the SAT on these other websites, and then try them out on official practice questions or during our free, five-day SAT prep program trial. By combining strategy and content readiness with official SAT practice questions, you'll be able to improve your score a great deal across all dates you take the SAT! What's Next? I gave you links to some of our most popular SAT articles- but these aren't our only SAT strategy guides. Browse our blog to get more tips on the Math, Reading, and Writing sections of the SAT. Many of our articles cover crucial test-taking approaches like managing your time, guessing effectively, and using the process of elimination. For more information about the college admissions process, check out our complete guide to applying to college. We also have individual guides on how to get into the best colleges in the nation, including Harvard, Yale, and Princeton. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today: lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-26193596235468170792019-11-21T02:17:00.001-08:002019-11-21T02:17:05.072-08:00Solow Growth Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsSolow Growth Model - Essay Example Solow Growth Model is a standard neoclassical model of economic growth developed by Robert Solow. This model holds that economic growth is linked to capital accumulation and the population growth (Zhuang and St Juliana, 2010, p. 65). Solow growth model postulates that under equilibrium, the level of per capita income is determined by prevailing technology, rates of saving, rate of population growth and technical progress all which are assumed exogenous (Barossi-Filho, 2005, p. 37). Given that the rates of population growth and levels of saving are varying across countries, the model gives testable predictions on assessing how the two can influence economic growth of countries. Solow model has been criticized by different theorists given the assumptions made by this theory. This paper will explain the impacts of both population growth and increase in the saving rates upon economic growth. Moreover, the paper will explain how Solow model accounts for technological progress and assess w hether Romer model improves on this. Impact of both population growth and an increase in the savings rate upon economic growth Increased production of goods and services leads to economic growth. In the light of this statement, any country that desires to achieve economic growth must have optimal factors of production (Song, 2009, p. 7). The factors of production include capital, labor, technology, land and entrepreneur. When these factors are optimized economic growth of the country will be positive. Solow growth model predicts that economic growth results from accumulation of capital and population growth rate (Zhuang and St Juliana, 2010, p. 65). Moreover, the model starts by making an assumption of capital accumulation is subject to diminishing returns (Stein, 2007, p. 193). Solow model argues that developing countries with low capital stock can achieve higher economic growth compared to developed countries by increasing their savings and investment rates. Solow model postulates that increased rates of savings leads to capital accumulation. The theory behind increased savings resulting in capital accumulation is that higher savings leads increased amount of funds that can be offered as credit for capital investment. Consequently, this borrowed capital will be invested in the production industry and therefore the gross domestic products will be higher (Song, 2009, p. 9). Investment is required for the development of infrastructure required for production. However, Liu and Guo (2002, p. 25) argues that economic growth of a country depends on its ability to deploy the savings to finance capital investment. In the Solow model, the second factor identified to influence economic growth of a country is its population growth. Population provides an important factor of production; labor and consequently as population grows it adds to the available labor it contributes to economic growth of any country. However, given the rule of diminishing returns on factors of pr oduction it is necessary to strike equilibrium between the labor and other factors of production (Song, 2009, p. 10). The combined effect of impact of increased rates of saving and population growth can be understood using the Solow model. This model offers testable predictions since these two factors are different across nations. Song (2009, p. 9) argues that countries having high saving levels usually have higher per capita incomes while those experiencing high population growth have lower per capita inco lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-64024757604220598042019-11-19T10:55:00.001-08:002019-11-19T10:55:03.959-08:00Marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 wordsMarketing plan - Assignment Example Personal contact with the client should be coupled with the use of the ever growing and beneficial social media platforms (Benett, 2009). Moreover, the business will incorporate client promotion as a key component of its marketing channels and tactics. The span and salon sector has experienced exponential growth over the last couple of years. The services are sought after majorly for relaxation. Most of the users of the services choose the salon or spa to visit on the basis of the range of services that are offered and the proximity to their places of work and residential homes (McDonald & Keegan, 2002). The quality of the service and the prices also influence consumer decision. A lot of service providers operating in Houston have targeted the high end market. These are individuals in stable employment and are on a stable income. Most of them charge an average of $ 250 for their services. From the price analysis, it is clear that a lot of people are locked out from this vital amenity. The need for affordable quality services in a convenient location is quite evident in the Houston market, based on the available data and it is such vital market needs that Divine Divas Salon seeks to satisfy. Divine Divas Salon targets people from all social classes living in Houston. The reason why the enterprise has decided to target the entire market is to avoid locking out those who had been previously denied access to the services due to the exorbitant charges. This market is made up of several groups that have different needs and characteristics. The first group consists of customers recovering from injuries. These clients need massage therapies and in most cases the charges are paid by the insurer (McDonald, 2011). The second group consists of clients who are out to pamper themselves. Majority of the members of the second cluster are lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-51324092944017778102019-11-16T23:27:00.001-08:002019-11-16T23:27:03.577-08:00Miss Havisham Essay Example for Free Miss Havisham Essay Satis house, where Miss Havisham lives, is seen as gothic and strange. The house had all the windows walled up symbolising that Miss Havisham is trapping herself from reality. Dickens also highlights her frailty as if the natural light could struck her to dust suggesting that shes almost vampiric or supernatural, adding to the Victorian audiences fascination. Additionally, the repetition of the house being rustily barred can reflect the house as being a prison as Miss Havisham has imprisoned herself, Dickens could also be trying to represent her feelings of insecurity and decay. The first sight the reader gets of Miss Havisham is of her sitting in an arm chair, with an elbow resting on the table this image is one of resignation and dejection as there is a sense that Miss Havisham has given up. She was wearing a wedding dress, symbolising that she is trying to preserve the identity as an expectant bride. It was made of rich materials- satins, lace and silks emphasising her wealth, however these rich materials that were once white are now yellow The syntax shows that even though time has moved on, Miss Havisham is locked in a moment of stasis. Pips narrative voice explains her to the strangest lady I have ever seen, or shall ever see The adjective strange qualifies how odd and perverse Miss Havisham appears and the additional clause or shall ever see further qualifies how her strangeness is extraordinary. Dickens, however, denies sympathy for Miss Havisham as his gothic depiction of her, causes her to become a freakish object of ridicule. She appears as a skeleton in the ashes of a rich dress that has shrunk to skin and bone. Dickens shows that there is a physical and emotional decay that appears gothic and skeletal. She has become withered making her the complete realisation of the ghastly waxwork at the fair. Dickens purposely states her as the waxwork at the fair as these freakish displays were shown as a form of popular Victorian entertainment. His physical description of Miss Havisham is seen as monstrous and grotesque embodying the form of a gothic monster, therefore making it difficult for the reader to sympathise with her. The language, Dickens uses, is associated with death as he is implying that love humanises and offers life and hope to people, whereas Miss Havisham has locked her heart away, therefore making it seem as though she is deathly. Furthermore, the image of Miss Havisham looking at herself in the mirror shows how she is uncertain of her identity, as she tries to fix herself as an expectant bride. The way she views herself is different to how she seems, so new to him, so old to me: so strange to him, so familiar to me she has locked herself in the past and is unable to move on from a time she was happy. Pip forces Miss Havisham to think and look at herself differently. The syntaxs new-old and strange-familiar shows how she is moving in and out of different perspective. The use of the words as opposites shows how she has a completely misplaced view of herself. Alternatively, in chapter 49, Miss Havisham becomes humanised. Her appearance is acknowledged as Pip finds her sitting in a ragged chair which presents a sense of decay and lost worth. There was a new expression on her face, but her eyes pained, her face was worn by something more than age and her appearance overall is described as more haggard and withered than ever. She was staring at the ashy fire lost in contemplation, in this image Dickens appears to play on the myth of the phoenix as the ashy fire implies that Miss Havisham, like the phoenix rising form the ashes, wishes to be reborn in order to atone her malice. Miss Havishams freakish appearance at the start of the novel changes as Dickens humanises her to point where she cries. She dropped on her knees at my feet and held her hands out hung her head and wept showing the physical image of Miss Havishams repentance makes her seem vulnerable as it is the first time the reader sees her cry and showing her feelings, especially to a man. The crying humanises her as we see her real emotions, it also links to the myth of the phoenix as the tears are said to heal. In the process of Miss Havisham setting alight; Pip sees her running at me, shrieking, with a whirl of fire blazing all about her Dickens in this image presents Miss Havisham as devilish as she runs towards Pip. However, it relates to the myth of the phoenix and shows that through the burning of her dress she is forgiven and extends the idea of being cleansed as it purges all evil. As Pip tries to distinguish the flames, he drags down the great cloth from the table and with it dragged down the heap of rottenness and all the ugly things that sheltered there and wrapped it around Miss Havisham, showing his care and consideration that has grown for Miss Havisham. Whilst Pip cradles Miss Havisham on the floor, the beetles and spiders were running away over the floor whereas before the spiders were nibbling at Miss Havisham, again a sense of purging, cleansing and healing. As they lay Miss Havisham on the table with a white sheet loosely covering her suggests that she is finally at peace and furthermore gives a sense of purity and cleansing with the pure white sheet. The phantom air of something that had been and was changed Dickens shows the reader that Miss Havisham has changed during this and has become reborn. To conclude, Dickens presents Miss Havisham as a challenge to Victorian society. He also shows that love is redemptive and necessary and without it, we are nothing. Within Miss Havishams reformation Dickens shows the strength of her character. His intentions in creating Miss Havisham were to try and show the hardship that women who were rejected by the Victorian society had to go through and how cruel the society have been in marginalising them. By doing so Dickens has cleverly began to deconstruct the stereotype of a spinster and questions expectations. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1522816050901482417.post-47112321434008804312019-11-14T11:58:00.001-08:002019-11-14T11:58:04.388-08:00American Communist Containment Policy 1945-1953 Essay -- Politics CommContainment Policy 1945-1953 America used a variety of methods to contain Soviet influence between 1945-1953. Methods such as Propaganda and flexing of muscle became essential as America justified its policies and actions as part of the struggle to save Capitalist Ideology from the Communist oppressors. Ideology was the main source of conflict between the USA and USSR. This difference in ideology led inevitably to distrust between the two superpowers. The USSR believed in a state controlled economy which discouraged free enterprise, antithesis of America's economic system; the encouragement of free enterprise and the privatization of industry. Thus, the divergent economic structures of the superpowers painted different perspectives, which inevitably sowed the seeds for further conflict between the USA and USSR. The conferences between the USA and USSR up until 1945 showed the various disagreements between the USA and USSR. These conferences were held in Tehran in December 1945, Yalta in February 1945 and Potsdam in July 1945. The main source of conflict between USA and USSR was the future status of Europe. The USA wanted a democratic capitalist continent that it could influence. The USSR wanted to spread Communism and prevent the disasters of World War II recurring again. While Stalin was a brutal and ruthless dictator responsible for millions of deaths, feared and resented by many eastern Europeans, he actually did not intend to conquer the world. This was the basic misunderstanding which fueled the Cold War: the U.S. government, as well as many private citizens, believed that the Russians were engaged in a world-wide con... ...e of 1954, West Germany was permitted to join NATO. In 1955 it became a member of NATO and the following year East Germny joined the Warsaw Pact. USA armed West Germany with 400 000 soldiers as a barrier against the USSR. Thus, the wars and methods of containing Soviet influence always reverted back on the focus of Germany. America had used a variety of methods to contain Soviet influence. These methods did not prove successful as each attempt to umbrella nations from Communism backfired. The Marshall Plan and the defense of South Korea were counter-reacted with the Molotov Plan and the tightening of the Soviet 'Buffer Zone'. Thus, America's containment policies only hindered the implementation of the true ideas 'containment', which concluded with the strengthening of Soviet influence around Europe and the world. lonnieward1988http://www.blogger.com/profile/05353382868873736231noreply@blogger.com0